Handbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/js/68.010c60de.js

(window.webpackJsonp=window.webpackJsonp||[]).push([[68],{394:function(r,t,e){"use strict";e.r(t);var o=e(4),n=Object(o.a)({},(function(){var r=this,t=r._self._c;return t("ContentSlotsDistributor",{attrs:{"slot-key":r.$parent.slotKey}},[t("blockquote",[t("p",[r._v("本文编辑：@BG8LGP @BI1NDH @BG4IJK @BloodBlade")])]),r._v(" "),t("h1",{attrs:{id:"国际无线电通话拼写字母"}},[t("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#国际无线电通话拼写字母"}},[r._v("#")]),r._v(" 国际无线电通话拼写字母")]),r._v(" "),t("p",[r._v("经常也被称作字母解释法，在各类无线电通讯中广泛使用。\n通过为每个拉丁字母都分配一个更清晰的单词作为发音的方式，例如字母 A 读 ALPHA、字母 B 读 BRAVO，来解决在无线电通讯中经常会碰到的由于电离层衰落所造成的声音不清楚，无法辨识的问题。\n这些单词的选择方式尽可能照顾到了不同的语言和方言的使用者。")]),r._v(" "),t("p",[r._v("国际民用航空组织（ICAO）最先发明了字母解释法，随后被北约修改后成为了北约音标字母。之后北约的标准重新被国际民用航空组织和国际电信联盟接受，成为了国际标准。")]),r._v(" "),t("p",[r._v("业余电台的输出功率较低，电波传播的复杂因素，接收到的语言信号失真或衰落现象严重，影响了解析和辨识。\n特别是 DX 通信时，有些非英语区口音不同，通话时容易发生许多误听差错，尤其是像 B 和 P、D 和 T、G 和 J、M、N、R 和 I 等字最容易听错。\n为了避免这个问题的发生，全世界的电台在话音通信中均采用字母解释法，一般电台通信中在谈到呼号、姓名或 QTH (电台地点) 以及电台情况时采用这种解释方法，以避免发生错误。")]),r._v(" "),t("p",[r._v("国际民航组织 (ICAO) 的英语解释法，是美国 ARRL 推荐的读法，也是业余通信中采用的方法。\n也有不少的业余家用其他的字母解释法。这些字母解释单词，多数是常用词，其中有国名、地名和人名，所解释的都是单词的第一个字母。\n所以，熟悉英文的人，可以方便地从单词联想到相应的字母。字母解释法是语音通信必须掌握的基本知识。")]),r._v(" "),t("p",[r._v("标准字母解释法如下表：")]),r._v(" "),t("table",[t("thead",[t("tr",[t("th",[r._v("字母")]),r._v(" "),t("th",[r._v("标准读法")]),r._v(" "),t("th",[r._v("其他读法")])])]),r._v(" "),t("tbody",[t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("A")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=alpha&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Alfa(Alpha)*"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=America&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("America"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("B")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Bravo&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Bravo"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("C")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Charlie&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Charlie"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=China&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("China"),t("OutboundLink")],1),t("br"),t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Canada&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Canada"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("D")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Delta&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Delta"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:""}},[r._v("Data")]),t("br"),t("a",{attrs:{href:""}},[r._v("Dixie")]),t("br"),t("a",{attrs:{href:""}},[r._v("David")])])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("E")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=echo&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Echo"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("F")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=foxtrot&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Foxtrot"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Florida&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Florida"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("G")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=golf&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Golf"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("H")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=hotel&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Hotel"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("I")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=india&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("India"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Italy&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Italy"),t("OutboundLink")],1),t("br"),t("a",{attrs:{href:""}},[r._v("Indigo")])])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("J")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=juliett&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Juliett(Juliet)*"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Japan&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Japan"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("K")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=kilo&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Kilo"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("L")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=lima&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Lima"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:""}},[r._v("London")])])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("M")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=mike&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Mike"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("N")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=november&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("November"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("O")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=oscar&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Oscar"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("P")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=papa&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Papa"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("Q")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Quebec&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Quebec"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("R")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Romeo&lang=en&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Romeo"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("S")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Sierra&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Sierra"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Sugar&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Sugar"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("T")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Tango&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Tango"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("U")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Uniform&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Uniform"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("V")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Victor&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Victor"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("W")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Whiskey&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Whiskey"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:""}},[r._v("White")]),t("br"),t("a",{attrs:{href:""}},[r._v("Washigton")])])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("X")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=X-ray&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Xray(X-Ray)*"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("Y")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Yankee&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Yankee"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("Z")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Zulu&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Zulu"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td")])])]),r._v(" "),t("ul",[t("li",[r._v("发音仅供参考，因为字母解释法的标准发音有时和字典并不完全相同，而是会有重音调整、元音合并等情况。")]),r._v(" "),t("li",[r._v("Alpha、Juliet 和 X-Ray 被修改为了发音相同，但更易被非英语人士念出来的 Alfa、Juliett 和 Xray。")]),r._v(" "),t("li",[r._v("一些 HAM 会将自己国家的英文来代替某个字母的发音，成为其他读法，不过需要注意用自己的国家代替时是否会产生混淆的情况。")]),r._v(" "),t("li",[r._v("有些场合中标准读法容易引起误解、违法或不尊重的情况，遇见这种情况时会使用一些旧标准中的单词来代替，或直接选择新单词：\n"),t("ul",[t("li",[r._v("Delta 与达美航空的呼号相同，因此航空场景中涉及到达美航空的场合经常会用 Data、Dixie 或 David 代替。")]),r._v(" "),t("li",[r._v("巴基斯坦等与印度有长期冲突的国家使用 Italy 或 Indigo 代替。")]),r._v(" "),t("li",[r._v("南岛语系（东南亚国家）中 Lima 代表数字 5，易混淆，因此使用 London 代替。")]),r._v(" "),t("li",[r._v("伊斯兰教严格禁酒，因此实施沙里亚法的国家或虔诚的回教徒会使用 White 或 Washigton 来代替 Whiskey。")])])])]),r._v(" "),t("p",[r._v("建议使用标准读法，但由于个别字母发音比较复杂，有些 HAM 也会采用其他读法。")]),r._v(" "),t("p",[r._v("数字的读法也是在国际业余无线电通联中所必须掌握的。\n但国际电联制定的数字发音方式几乎没人采纳，不同组织都会使用不同的读音，大体可分为英语发音和法语发音两种。")]),r._v(" "),t("p",[r._v("中国 HAM 来说一般使用国际民航组织和北约的英文读法，其发音大体上和英文相同，但 3、4、5 和 9 的发音略有变动。虽然也可以直接读英文，但按照这种读法更为正式一些：")]),r._v(" "),t("table",[t("thead",[t("tr",[t("th",[r._v("数字")]),r._v(" "),t("th",[r._v("读法")])])]),r._v(" "),t("tbody",[t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("1")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=one&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("One"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("2")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=two&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Two"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("3")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=tree&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Tree"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("4")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=fower&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Fower"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("5")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=fife&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Fife"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("6")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=six&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Six"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("7")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=seven&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Seven"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("8")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=eight&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Eight"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("9")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=niner&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Niner"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("0")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=zero&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Zero"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("00")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=hundred&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Hundred"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("000")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=thousand&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Thousand"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v(",")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=decimal&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Decimal"),t("OutboundLink")],1)])])])]),r._v(" "),t("ul",[t("li",[r._v("和词典发音略有差异，国际民航组织要求第一个音发重音，后面不加重音，此外国际海事组织要求每个音都发重音。")])]),r._v(" "),t("p",[r._v("在遇到数字时，直接按照顺序念出数字的读音，而不是数字本身，例如 42 需要读作 Fower Two 而不是 forty-two。")]),r._v(" "),t("p",[r._v("异地通联时需要使用斜杠来标记，其中的斜杠有多种念法：")]),r._v(" "),t("table",[t("thead",[t("tr",[t("th",[r._v("符号")]),r._v(" "),t("th",[r._v("读法")]),r._v(" "),t("th",[r._v("备注")])])]),r._v(" "),t("tbody",[t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("/")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Portable&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Portable"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td",[r._v("移动台异地")])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("/")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=Slash&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("Slash"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td",[r._v("固定台异地")])]),r._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[r._v("/")]),r._v(" "),t("td",[t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://youdao.com/result?word=mobile&lang=en",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[r._v("mobile"),t("OutboundLink")],1)]),r._v(" "),t("td",[r._v("车载台异地")])])])]),r._v(" "),t("h2",{attrs:{id:"数字的中文发音"}},[t("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#数字的中文发音"}},[r._v("#")]),r._v(" 数字的中文发音")]),r._v(" "),t("p",[r._v("本节内容虽然与字母解释法无关，但目的和字母解释法是一样的：在汉语的无线通话中，“一、二、七、九、零” 常念成 “幺、两、拐、钩、洞”，以免误听。")])])}),[],!1,null,null,null);t.default=n.exports}}]);