From 508618e56bd0b2aad8037fc7bb3f95e8727e92bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Armel FAUVEAU Date: Sun, 5 Apr 2026 05:53:05 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Improve documentation --- Advanced-features.md | 140 +++++++++++ Button-functions.md | 124 ++++++---- FM-broadcast-radio-receiver.md | 53 +++-- Getting-started.md | 103 ++++++++ Home.md | 25 +- Menu.md | 84 ++++--- Radio-operation.md | 418 +++++++-------------------------- Scanning.md | 202 ++++++++++++++++ Spectrum-analyzer.md | 36 ++- Troubleshooting.md | 95 ++++++++ 10 files changed, 825 insertions(+), 455 deletions(-) create mode 100644 Advanced-features.md create mode 100644 Getting-started.md create mode 100644 Scanning.md create mode 100644 Troubleshooting.md diff --git a/Advanced-features.md b/Advanced-features.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a494dc5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Advanced-features.md @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ +> 🌐 **Translate** +> Automatic translation is available via Google Translate: [Open translated version](https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&u=https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/Advanced-features/). + +# Advanced features + +This page covers specialized or optional features that are not needed for basic radio operation: Air Copy, RescueOps, K5 Viewer, Resume Mode, the built-in game, and the research-oriented TX unlock procedure. + +For day-to-day radio usage, see [Radio operation](./Radio-operation). For scan-related features, see [Scanning](./Scanning). + +## On this page + +* [Air Copy](#air-copy) +* [RescueOps](#rescueops) +* [Game](#game) +* [K5 Viewer](#k5-viewer) +* [Resume Mode](#resume-mode) +* [TX on all bands](#tx-on-all-bands) +* [Related pages](#related-pages) + +## Air Copy + +Air Copy is activated by holding `PTT` + `SIDE BUTTON 2️⃣` while turning on the radio, then releasing all keys. + +This feature allows you to reproduce memory channels from one radio (source) to another (target) using FSK modulation. By default, transmission takes place on the LPD band (`434.000 MHz`) at very low power (a few milliwatts). + +On the target radio, press the `EXIT` key to start reception. On the source radio, press the `M` key to start transmission. + +Wait for 120 packets to be sent from the source to the target. You may see a few packets lost, but this is not really important. Even if you lose 3 packets, that is a 2.5% loss. Out of 200 memory channels, this means that 195 will have been replicated correctly. It is often enough to repeat the operation a second time to reach 100% replication. + +![Air Copy](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/93307d28-c2e2-4fe3-8bae-fad7f6e817ad) + +## RescueOps + +### Disclaimer + +I would like to clarify that I am not an expert in emergency services; however, this special feature has been developed with the intent to meet the communication needs of first responders as effectively as possible. I am open to improvement suggestions from professionals, within the limits of my abilities, the time available to me, and the technical capabilities of the transceiver. + +### Overview + +The RescueOps feature has been specifically developed to integrate into a communication system designed for first responders (firefighters, etc.). It does not include the bandscope or FM broadcast reception, which are likely unnecessary in this context. However, it includes support for Air Copy (potentially useful in the field, away from a PC), NOAA weather broadcasts (for North America), and enhanced Flashlight functionality, which can be set to fixed, blinking, or SOS modes. Additionally, a new menu has been added: `SetKey`. This menu allows users to select which key activates RescueOps mode when the transceiver starts. By default the key is `MENU`, but it can also be `UP`, `DOWN`, `EXIT`, or `* SCAN`. + +### Usage + +> [!NOTE] +> [Emanuele](https://github.com/emanuelegissi), a member of the “[Corpo nazionale dei Vigili del fuoco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigili_del_Fuoco)”, has written [documentation](https://github.com/emanuelegissi/uv-k5-firmware-custom/wiki) specifically dedicated to the use of the RescueOps feature. Many thanks to him. + +By default, the transceiver functions like any other firmware version, allowing access to menus (and hidden menus), long presses, or `F` key combinations to activate various functions directly from the keyboard (for example, to start a scan or adjust transmission power), as well as shortcuts. + +However, if the transceiver is turned on while pressing both the `PTT` and the key configured in the `SetKey` menu, it will switch to RescueOps mode, triggering the following changes: + +* the menu is locked +* long presses and `F` key combinations are disabled (except `A/B` and keypad lock) +* restart in hidden-menu mode is blocked +* the keypad can only be used to change memory channels, just like the `UP` and `DOWN` keys + +Short and long presses on `F1` and `F2`, as well as long presses on `M`, remain available for shortcuts. This configuration is the responsibility of the person in charge of setting up the transceiver. If shortcuts are not desired, they can simply be set to the action `NONE`. + +Note that the RescueOps feature offers 2 new actions: + +* `POWER HIGH`, which lets you quickly switch to the maximum power of `5 W` if required +* `REMOVE OFFSET`, to remove the offset of a memory channel if present + +These 2 actions were added at the request of rescue professionals and correspond to needs in the field. + +Once in RescueOps mode, each normal startup keeps the transceiver in this mode. To return to the default mode, with access to menus and hidden menus, simply repeat the startup operation while pressing both the `PTT` and the key configured in the `SetKey` menu. + +## Game + +This firmware includes a small breakout game. + +* To start the game, press `F+7` +* To exit, press `EXIT` +* You can pause the game with `M` +* Move the paddle using `4` or `UP` to go left, and `0` or `DOWN` to go right + +This game has no ambition beyond fun. The idea was simply to explore what is possible on the Quansheng K5 alongside its radio features. Think of it as a playful nod to the Nokia 3310 era. + +![Game](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/45e20b92-3955-4313-84d7-6c831be1e176) + +## K5 Viewer + +K5Viewer is a lightweight viewer that displays the live screen output of the Quansheng K1 and K5 transceiver (running F4HWN firmware), transmitted via UART to your computer through a Baofeng/Kenwood-style USB-to-Serial cable. + +> [!WARNING] +> K5Viewer IS NOT A REMOTE CONTROL TOOL. + +Here is a quick tutorial: + +1. Flash your Quansheng K1 or K5 with F4HWN firmware +1. Keep the transceiver connected to your PC via the USB cable +1. Go to [https://armel.github.io/k5viewer/](https://armel.github.io/k5viewer/) +1. Click Connect (and select the serial port) + +That is it. Nothing to install. Nothing to configure. Just plug in and view. + +[Demo video](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/62f67980-6f86-4b6f-b900-c293655a919c) + +## Resume Mode + +Your transceiver will restart in the same state it was in before being turned off. So, if it was in Bandscope mode, listening to FM broadcast, or scanning, it will automatically resume that state upon the next startup. + +## TX on all bands + +### Warning + +**This modification is UNTESTED and is for RESEARCH PURPOSES ONLY, to explore the capabilities of the device and its chipset. DO NOT transmit on illegal frequencies. DO use a dummy load. The author(s) and contributor(s) of this repository are NOT liable for any damages, litigation, or other consequences of the misuse of this research firmware and do not accept any culpability. By installing any firmware from this repository, you accept full responsibility for any consequences that may arise and waive the right to pursue legal action against the author(s).** + +This option will not allow you to transmit in any modulation other than FM; this is a hardware limitation. Switching to AM or SSB only changes the AF audio output mode of the RF IC. It does not switch the whole IC into AM / SSB mode. This is for listening only. This firmware is also built with an additional lock that blocks TX when AM or SSB is enabled. + +As an example of why this should not be used for actual communications, consider the following chart for transmission power at `27.254 MHz`: + +![txspectrum](https://github.com/egzumer/uv-k5-firmware-custom/assets/14902414/65cdcb90-01b3-4344-a06b-ac7b8c408899) + +* `27.254 MHz` -> **228 microwatts** +* `54 MHz` -> 2.4 milliwatts +* `81 MHz` -> 230 milliwatts +* `109 MHz` -> 558 milliwatts +* `136 MHz` -> 412 milliwatts +* `163 MHz` -> 122 milliwatts +* `190 MHz` -> 14.8 milliwatts +* `218 MHz` -> 2 milliwatts +* `245 MHz` -> 2.6 milliwatts + +Credits: [Tunas1337 / UV-K5-Modded-Firmwares](https://github.com/Tunas1337/UV-K5-Modded-Firmwares#even-bigger-warning) + +### How to unlock TX on all bands + +1. Go to the [hidden menu](./Menu#hidden-menu) +1. Enter menu `F Lock` +1. Choose option `UNLOCK ALL` +1. Repeat steps 2-3 **3 times**. Do it carefully. If you confirm any other option in the process, the counter is reset and you will have to repeat the procedure again. + +## Related pages + +* [Getting started](./Getting-started) +* [Radio operation](./Radio-operation) +* [Scanning](./Scanning) +* [Menu](./Menu) +* [Button functions](./Button-functions) +* [Troubleshooting](./Troubleshooting) diff --git a/Button-functions.md b/Button-functions.md index 32cd311..a85b97a 100644 --- a/Button-functions.md +++ b/Button-functions.md @@ -1,97 +1,113 @@ > 🌐 **Translate** > Automatic translation is available via Google Translate: [Open translated version](https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&u=https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/Button-functions/). -Buttons have functions assigned to them, these functions can be activated by either pressing `F #` button first, then the function button (I will call it `F+` call). The other method is by long pressing the function button alone without `F #`. Most buttons replicate the `F+` with long press, but some buttons might have assigned different functions for `F+` and long press. +# Button functions -# Front keypad +Buttons can trigger functions in two ways: -## `M` +1. press the `F #` button first, then the target button (written below as `F+`) +2. long-press the target button directly + +In many cases, the long press duplicates the `F+` action, but some buttons have a different long-press behavior. + +## Quick reminders + +* `F+` means: press `F #`, then press the target button +* navigation labels may be `UP` / `DOWN` or `LEFT` / `RIGHT`, depending on the model and `SetNav` +* the programmable shortcuts are listed in [Custom button functions](#custom-button-functions) + +## Front keypad + +### `M` * short press - enter menu * short press while channel/frequency scanning - last found channel is preserved on the screen -* long press while channel scanning - temporarily exclude a memory channel (not working with * SCAN ALL) +* long press while channel scanning - temporarily exclude a memory channel (not working with `* SCAN ALL`) * long press - user programmable in the menu: `M Long` -## `EXIT` +### `EXIT` * short press - exits current menu/function, deletes one digit in an input box * long press - deletes all input, exits DTMF input box, exits monitor mode, exits `ScnRng` -## `UP` and `DOWN` -* Move Upward/Downward in Menu, Frequency, Settings, etc. +### `UP` and `DOWN` +* move up and down in menus, frequency, settings, and other lists * `F+` - increases or decreases the Squelch value. -## `1 BAND` +### `1 BAND` * `F+` - * in **frequency mode** - switches frequency bands 1-7, there is also band 7+ for >1GHz frequencies + * in **frequency mode** - switches frequency bands `1` to `7`; there is also band `7+` for frequencies above `1 GHz` * in **channel mode** - channel settings are copied to frequency mode * long press - same -## `2 A/B` +### `2 A/B` * `F+` - switches main VFO upper/lower (marked by `►`) * long press - same -## `3 VFO/MR` -* `F+` - switch between frequency and channel mode +### `3 VFO/MR` +* `F+` - switches between frequency mode and channel mode * long press - same -## `4 FC` -* `F+` - turns on frequency and CTCSS copy mode, turn the scan on and start transmitting with the other radio, the frequency and CTCSS code will be detected, you can save those setting with `M` button +### `4 FC` +* `F+` - turns on frequency and CTCSS copy mode. Start transmitting with the other radio and the frequency and CTCSS code will be detected. You can save those settings with the `M` button * long press - same -## `5 NOAA` +### `5 NOAA` * `F+` - turns on spectrum analyzer * long press - * in **channel mode** - toggles scan lists that the selected channel is assigned to. You will see `I` and `II` symbols changing on the right side of the channel label - * in **frequency mode** - activates [scan range function](https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/Radio-operation#scan-frequency-range-function) -## `6 H/M/L` + * in **channel mode** - cycles the selected memory channel through its scan-list assignment: `OFF`, `1` to `24`, then `ALL` + * in **frequency mode** - activates the [scan range function](./Scanning#scan-frequency-range-function) +### `6 H/M/L` * `F+` - toggles power levels for current channel * long press - same -## `7 VOX` +### `7 VOX` * `F+` - turns on/off VOX mode * long press - same -## `8 R` -* `F+` - enables the manual backlight management and switches the backlight on or off -* long press - turns on reverse mode for channel that have frequency offset set. It will replace TX frequency with RX frequency. -## `9 Call` -* `F+` - disables the manual backlight management +### `8 R` +* `F+` - enables manual backlight management and switches the backlight on or off +* long press - turns on reverse mode for channels that have a frequency offset set. It replaces the TX frequency with the RX frequency +### `9 Call` +* `F+` - disables manual backlight management * long press - switches current channel to the `1-Call` channel set in the radio. -## `0 FM` +### `0 FM` * `F+` - turns on FM radio * long press - same -## `* SCAN` +### `* SCAN` * short press - enters DTMF input mode -* `F+` - turns on CTCSS scanner for current frequency +* `F+` - turns on the DCS / CTCSS scanner for the current frequency * long press * in **channel mode** - turns on channel scanner - * in **frequency mode** - turns on frequency scanner (can use [scan range feature](https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/Radio-operation#scan-frequency-range-function)). -* When pressed while channel scan is in progress toggles scan lists 1/2/ALL -## `F # 🗝` -* short press - toggles function option + * in **frequency mode** - turns on frequency scanner (can use the [scan range feature](./Scanning#scan-frequency-range-function)) +* while memory scan is in progress, `F+` or long-press `* SCAN` switches to the next valid non-empty scan list +### `F # 🗝` +* short press - toggles the `F+` function modifier * long press - turns the key lock on or off for all front keypad keys and, depending on the SetLck menu setting, optionally the PTT as well -# Side buttons +## Side buttons -## `PTT` -* Push To Talk button. Note that, there are 2 modes : CLASSIC and ONEPUSH (take a look at menu SetPtt 56/63) +### `PTT` +* Push-To-Talk button. There are 2 modes: CLASSIC and ONEPUSH (see menu `SetPTT`) * CLASSIC - PTT works as usual. Press the PTT to start transmitting and release it to stop. - * ONEPUSH - PTT works like a switch. Press the PTT to start transmitting, and release it whenever you like. The transmission is still active ! Press the PTT again, when you want and release it to stop transmitting. It works like on OpenGD77 (if you know it). No more cramps. + * ONEPUSH - PTT works like a switch. Press the PTT to start transmitting, and release it whenever you like. The transmission is still active. Press the PTT again when you want, then release it to stop transmitting. It works like on OpenGD77 (if you know it). -* when this button is used to stop channel/frequency scanning, last found channel is preserved on the screen -* held together with `Function button II` transmits tone 1750Hz +* when this button is used to stop channel/frequency scanning, the last found channel is preserved on the screen +* held together with `Side button 2️⃣`, transmits the `1750 Hz` tone * held together with any of the front keypad buttons transmits DTMF codes -## `Side button 1️⃣` +### `Side button 1️⃣` * short press - user programmable in the menu: `F1Shrt` * long press - user programmable in the menu: `F1Long` * `F+` - increases the Step value in VFO mode -## `Side button 2️⃣` +### `Side button 2️⃣` * short press - user programmable in the menu: `F2Shrt` * long press - user programmable in the menu: `F2Long` -* this button can also be used to send tone 1750Hz by holding it together with `PTT` button +* this button can also be used to send the `1750 Hz` tone by holding it together with the `PTT` button * `F+` - decreases the Step value in VFO mode -# External key/microphone -## `PTT` -* Push To Talk button. -* The `PTT on the external microphone` works differently than the `internal PTT` (side) button. -> * - When pressing the PTT, the TX waits until no RX signal is received (_observed with Radio-PCB revision V1.4 and OK with V1.6_). Works well when pressing the _internal PTT_. -> * - A DTMF-tone (`key-press`) or 1750Hz-tone (`function button`) is cut off within a second. Works well when pressing the _internal PTT_. +## External microphone +### `PTT` +* Push-To-Talk button. +* The `PTT on the external microphone` works differently than the internal side `PTT` button. -# Custom button functions -3 buttons can have its function changed. To change the function go to menu: +> [!NOTE] +> On some hardware revisions, the external microphone `PTT` behaves differently: +> - when pressing the PTT, TX waits until no RX signal is received (_observed with radio PCB revision V1.4 and OK with V1.6_). This works well with the internal `PTT` +> - a DTMF tone (`key press`) or 1750 Hz tone (`function button`) can be cut off within a second. This works well with the internal `PTT` + +## Custom button functions +Five shortcut actions can be customized in the menu: * `F1Shrt` - side button 1️⃣, short press * `F1Long` - side button 1️⃣, long press * `F2Shrt` - side button 2️⃣, short press @@ -106,7 +122,7 @@ Available functions: * SCAN - start channels/frequency scanning * VOX - turn voice activation function ON / OFF * FM RADIO - turn FM radio ON / OFF -* 1750Hz - send 1750Hz toneburst +* `1750 Hz` - send the `1750 Hz` tone burst * LOCK KEYPAD - lock / unlock the keypad * VFO A VFO B - change main VFO to upper/lower * VFO MEM - change current VFO mode, frequency mode or memory channel mode @@ -117,6 +133,14 @@ Available functions: * WIDE NARROW - switch between WIDE and NARROW * MUTE - mutes speaker volume * RxA - switch FM RX audio profile between [FLAT / CLEAN / MID / BOOST / MAX] -* POWER HIGH - switch to the maximum power of 5 Watts +* POWER HIGH - switch to the maximum power of `5 W` * REMOVE OFFSET - remove the offset of a memory channel, if present +## Related pages + +* [Getting started](./Getting-started) +* [Menu](./Menu) +* [Radio operation](./Radio-operation) +* [Scanning](./Scanning) +* [Advanced features](./Advanced-features) +* [Troubleshooting](./Troubleshooting) diff --git a/FM-broadcast-radio-receiver.md b/FM-broadcast-radio-receiver.md index e55cdd2..f0d9b64 100644 --- a/FM-broadcast-radio-receiver.md +++ b/FM-broadcast-radio-receiver.md @@ -1,46 +1,51 @@ > 🌐 **Translate** > Automatic translation is available via Google Translate: [Open translated version](https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&u=https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/FM-broadcast-radio-receiver/). -# Broadcast FM +# FM broadcast receiver -The radio is capable of receiving broadcast FM from 76 to 108 MHz. For this it uses a separate chip (BK1080). RDS is not supported. +The radio can receive broadcast FM from `76` to `108 MHz`. It uses a separate chip (`BK1080`) for this. RDS is not supported. _During broadcast reception the active VFO still has priority. This means that any reception on the active VFO will temporarily disable broadcast reception and the radio switches to VFO reception. At the end of VFO reception the radio switches back to broadcast._ +> [!NOTE] +> - the active VFO always has priority over broadcast FM +> - auto scan overwrites all `48` FM memories + ![FM](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/5737c8e4-802d-44e1-a540-da28707eabaa) -# Basic operations +## Basic operations -* `F` + `0 FM` or long press `0 FM` or [custom button function](https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/Button-functions#custom-button-functions) starts broadcast reception -* `Exit` or using above start command, when radio is in FM radio mode, ends broadcast reception -* `F` + `VFO/MR` or long press `VFO/MR` changes between VFO or memory channels (VFO-/MR-mode) +* `F` + `0 FM`, long-pressing `0 FM`, or a [custom button function](./Button-functions#custom-button-functions) starts broadcast reception +* `EXIT`, or using the same start command again while the radio is in FM mode, ends broadcast reception +* `F` + `3 VFO/MR`, or long-pressing `3 VFO/MR`, changes between VFO mode and memory mode -## Set a frequency in FM-VFO mode +### Set a frequency in FM-VFO mode -Simply typing a frequency sets it to receive. Resolution is 100 kHz so entering 929 would tune to 92.9 MHz. Use arrow keys to change in 100 kHz steps. -## Store in memory from FM-VFO mode +Simply typing a frequency tunes the receiver. The resolution is `100 kHz`, so entering `929` tunes to `92.9 MHz`. Use the arrow keys to change in `100 kHz` steps. +### Store in memory from FM-VFO mode -Pressing `M` in VFO mode allows to store the current frequency in a memory channel. Use arrow keys to select memory, confirm with `M`. There are 48 memories available. +Pressing `M` in VFO mode allows you to store the current frequency in a memory channel. Use the arrow keys to select the memory, then confirm with `M`. There are `48` memories available. -## Select a memory +### Select a memory -In MR-mode entering `01`.. `48` selects a memory channel. Use `UP/DOWN` to step a memory channel up or down. +In MR mode, entering `01` to `48` selects a memory channel. Use `UP` / `DOWN` to step through memory channels. -## Delete a stored memory +### Delete a stored memory -In MR-mode pressing `M` allows to delete that memory channel. +In MR mode, pressing `M` allows you to delete that memory channel. -# Scanning for stations from FM-VFO +## Scanning for stations from FM-VFO -## Auto scan +### Auto scan -Start with `F` + `* Scan` or long press `* Scan` -The radio scans for stations and stores the first 48 stations in memory. Scanning starts at the low side of the band. Initiating auto-scan will delete previously stored channels. `Exit` ends autoscan. -## Manual scan +Start with `F` + `* Scan` or by long-pressing `* Scan`. +The radio scans for stations and stores the first `48` stations in memory. Scanning starts at the low side of the band. Starting auto scan deletes previously stored channels. `EXIT` ends auto scan. -Short press `* Scan` starts manual scan. The radio scans from the current frequency up until a station is received. You can continue scanning in any direction using arrow keys. `Exit` stops scanmode. +### Manual scan -# Button functions +A short press on `* Scan` starts manual scan. The radio scans upward from the current frequency until a station is received. You can continue scanning in either direction using the arrow keys. `EXIT` stops scan mode. + +## Button functions * `1 BAND` - long press, switch bands (frequency ranges) * `3 VFO/MR` - switch frequency/memory mode @@ -48,3 +53,9 @@ Short press `* Scan` starts manual scan. The radio scans from the current freque * short press - start single scan * long press - start auto scan (all memory channels will be deleted and replaced with scan result) +## Related pages + +* [Getting started](./Getting-started) +* [Button functions](./Button-functions) +* [Radio operation](./Radio-operation) +* [Troubleshooting](./Troubleshooting) diff --git a/Getting-started.md b/Getting-started.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..91f3ad0 --- /dev/null +++ b/Getting-started.md @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ +> 🌐 **Translate** +> Automatic translation is available via Google Translate: [Open translated version](https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&u=https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/Getting-started/). + +# Getting started + +This page is a quick orientation guide for first-time users of the firmware. It does not replace the full documentation, but it should help you find the right page faster and avoid the most common mistakes. + +## First 5 minutes + +If you only want to program a frequency, test the radio, and save it: + +1. Select the active VFO with `F` + `2 A/B`. +1. Switch that VFO to `frequency mode` with `F` + `3 VFO/MR`. +1. Enter a frequency with the keypad. +1. Open the menu with `M` and adjust the basic items you need (`Step`, `Power`, tones, offset, bandwidth, `Mode`, `TXLock`). +1. Save the setup with `ChSave` if you want to keep it as a memory channel. +1. Switch back to `channel mode` with `F` + `3 VFO/MR` when you want to browse saved channels. + +If you prefer programming from a computer, use the `CHIRP` driver provided with each firmware release, or another compatible programming tool for this firmware. + +> [!WARNING] +> Do not use Quansheng CPS. It overwrites custom settings. + +## Common tasks + +### Start scanning frequencies + +1. Switch a VFO to `frequency mode`. +1. Set the starting frequency. +1. Set the frequency step with menu `Step`. +1. Long-press `* SCAN`. + +For a limited scan range, load the lower and upper limits into the two VFOs, long-press `5 NOAA` to enable `ScnRng`, then long-press `* SCAN`. + +For the full scan behavior, scan lists, priority scan, and DCS / CTCSS scan, see [Scanning](./Scanning). + +### Start scanning memory channels + +1. Switch to `channel mode`. +1. Assign channels to a scan list with menu `ScList`, or by long-pressing `5 NOAA`. +1. Long-press `* SCAN`. + +The firmware supports `24` scan lists, plus `ALL`. + +See [Scanning](./Scanning) for the full scan-list behavior. + +### If you cannot transmit + +Check these items first: + +1. Make sure `Mode` is `FM` and not `AM` or `USB`. +1. Check whether the frequency is inside the selected `F Lock` plan. +1. If the frequency is outside the selected band plan, check whether `TXLock` is set to `OFF`. +1. Look for a small padlock next to the channel or VFO name. + +If that still does not explain it, see [Troubleshooting](./Troubleshooting). + +### Save battery + +The two main menus to know are: + +* `BatSav` for the active/sleep ratio during normal operation +* `SetOff` for deep sleep after a period of inactivity + +See [Radio operation](./Radio-operation) for the detailed behavior of sleep mode. + +## Model differences + +This firmware targets the `UV-K1` and `UV-K5 V3`. + +The most visible day-to-day difference in the documentation is navigation: + +* `UV-K5`: navigation is usually described with `UP` / `DOWN` +* `UV-K1`: navigation is usually described with `LEFT` / `RIGHT` + +The hidden-menu option `SetNav` controls this navigation style. + +Some screenshots and examples use UV-K5 terminology first, but the same feature usually exists on UV-K1 with the equivalent navigation keys. + +## Core concepts + +These terms appear throughout the wiki: + +* `VFO mode`: you type frequencies directly and adjust live settings before saving them +* `Channel mode` / `memory mode`: you browse saved memory channels +* `Main VFO`: the active upper or lower line, marked by `►` +* `F Lock`: the main TX band plan +* `TXLock`: an extra per-channel TX permission when a frequency is outside the selected `F Lock` plan +* `Scan list`: one of the `24` memory-scan groups, or `ALL` +* `ScnRng`: scans only between the frequencies currently loaded into the two VFOs +* `SetOff`: inactivity timeout before deep sleep +* `MO`, `DW`, `DWR`, `XB`: `RxMode` abbreviations shown in the status bar + +## Where to go next + +* [Radio operation](./Radio-operation) for VFO/channel usage, status bar, `F Lock`, `TXLock`, and sleep behavior +* [Scanning](./Scanning) for frequency scan, memory scan, `ScnRng`, and DCS / CTCSS scanning +* [Menu](./Menu) for every menu item and the hidden menu +* [Button functions](./Button-functions) for shortcuts, long presses, and programmable keys +* [Advanced features](./Advanced-features) for Air Copy, RescueOps, K5 Viewer, Resume Mode, the built-in game, and TX-on-all-bands research features +* [Spectrum analyzer](./Spectrum-analyzer) for bandscope-style scanning +* [FM broadcast radio receiver](./FM-broadcast-radio-receiver) for the broadcast FM feature +* [Troubleshooting](./Troubleshooting) for common problems and quick checks diff --git a/Home.md b/Home.md index c012d94..2e7f0bf 100644 --- a/Home.md +++ b/Home.md @@ -7,17 +7,32 @@ This firmware is a fork of the [F4HWN custom firmware](https://github.com/armel/ The Fusion edition brings together, in a single firmware, all the different editions that were previously released separately for the UV-K5 V1. In other words, instead of choosing between multiple specialized firmwares, Fusion integrates all features into one unified build. +If you are new to the firmware, a good reading order is: [Getting started](./Getting-started), [Radio operation](./Radio-operation), [Scanning](./Scanning), [Menu](./Menu), then [Button functions](./Button-functions). + > [!WARNING] -> THIS FIRMWARE HAS NO REAL BRAIN. PLEASE USE YOUR OWN. Use this firmware at your own risk (entirely). There is absolutely no guarantee that it will work in any way shape or form on your radio(s), it may even brick your radio(s), in which case, you'd need to buy another radio. -Anyway, have fun. +> THIS FIRMWARE HAS NO REAL BRAIN. PLEASE USE YOUR OWN. +> Use this firmware entirely at your own risk. There is absolutely no guarantee that it will work in any way, shape, or form on your radio(s). It may even brick your radio(s), in which case you would need to buy another radio. +> +> You have been warned. +> That said, have fun. -You have been warned. -That said… have fun. +## Start here -# Chapters +* New to the firmware: [Getting started](./Getting-started) +* Want to understand scanning: [Scanning](./Scanning#memory-channels-scanning) +* Want to understand the status bar: [Radio operation](./Radio-operation#status-bar) +* Want to explore specialized features: [Advanced features](./Advanced-features) +* Looking for hidden settings: [Menu](./Menu#hidden-menu) +* Running into a problem: [Troubleshooting](./Troubleshooting) +## Chapters + +* [Getting started](./Getting-started) +* [Troubleshooting](./Troubleshooting) * [Radio operation](./Radio-operation) +* [Scanning](./Scanning) * [Menu](./Menu) * [Button functions](./Button-functions) +* [Advanced features](./Advanced-features) * [Spectrum analyzer](./Spectrum-analyzer) * [FM broadcast radio receiver](./FM-broadcast-radio-receiver) diff --git a/Menu.md b/Menu.md index 629b54f..2789601 100644 --- a/Menu.md +++ b/Menu.md @@ -5,34 +5,41 @@ The menu can be accessed with the `M` button _(short press)_. -Once in the main menu, the menu items will be displayed on the left-hand side of the screen. The currently selected menu item will be highlighted and current value for that menu item will be shown on the right. Also, at the bottom left side a number of the menu item will be shown, ranging from 01 to the highest number. +Once in the main menu, the items are displayed on the left-hand side of the screen. The currently selected item is highlighted, and its current value is shown on the right. The menu item number is shown at the bottom-left corner, ranging from `01` up to the highest number. -To find the menu item to access, the `UP` and `DOWN` arrow buttons may be used, or the **_menu item number_** (see lists below) may be entered on the numeric keypad. For instance, to access the `SysInf` settings, a number 52 can be entered on the keypad. +To find a menu item, use the `UP` and `DOWN` arrow buttons, or enter the **_menu item number_** (see the lists below) on the numeric keypad. For instance, to access `SysInf`, enter `52` on the keypad. -Once the desired menu item is highlighted, pressing the `M` button will enter into that menu item. +Once the desired menu item is highlighted, pressing the `M` button enters that menu item. -Once the menu item is selected, pressing the `UP` and `DOWN` arrow buttons will adjust the setting for that menu item. To confirm the selection, press the `M` button. To cancel the selection, press the `EXIT` key. +Once the menu item is selected, pressing the `UP` and `DOWN` arrow buttons adjusts the setting for that item. To confirm the selection, press the `M` button. To cancel the selection, press the `EXIT` key. ![Menu](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/e12cd5c2-c1ad-441d-819f-b90c047c2f7a) -# Main menu +## Quick tips -The number in front of the menu-item-description is a **_menu item number_** that can be used for quick selection +* the first 13 items are the main live VFO/channel settings +* `ScList`, `ScPri`, `PriCh1`, `PriCh2`, and `ScnRev` are the key scan-related items +* `F1Shrt`, `F1Long`, `F2Shrt`, `F2Long`, and `M Long` control customizable shortcuts +* the hidden menu is only available at startup with `PTT` + `SIDE BUTTON 1️⃣` + +## Main menu + +The number in front of each menu item description is the **_menu item number_** that can be used for quick selection. 1. `Step` - step of the frequency (in kHz), `UP` and `DOWN` buttons change frequency by this value, also you can only set a frequency that is multiple of half of this value. -1. `Power` - radio output power (LOW 1 / LOW 2 / LOW 3 / LOW 4 / LOW 5 / MID / HIGH / USER). Note that USER power can be tune via the SetPwr menu (57/66). -1. `RxDCS` - receiver Digital-Coded Squelch, if you enable this, squelch will only unlock if this code is being received. You can start a DCS/CTCSS scan while you are in this menu option by pressing `* SCAN` button -1. `RxCTCS` - receiver Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System, squelch will only unlock if this code is being received. You can start a DCS/CTCSS scan while you are in this menu option by pressing `* SCAN` button +1. `Power` - radio output power (LOW 1 / LOW 2 / LOW 3 / LOW 4 / LOW 5 / MID / HIGH / USER). Note that USER power can be tuned via the `SetPower` menu. +1. `RxDCS` - receiver Digital-Coded Squelch. If you enable this, squelch will only unlock if this code is being received. You can start a DCS/CTCSS scan while you are in this menu option by pressing the `* SCAN` button. +1. `RxCTCS` - receiver Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System. Squelch will only unlock if this code is being received. You can start a DCS/CTCSS scan while you are in this menu option by pressing the `* SCAN` button. 1. `TxDCS` - transmitter Digital-Coded Squelch, radio will send given code while transmitting 1. `TxCTCS` - transmitter Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System, radio will send given code while transmitting 1. `TxODir` - transmitter frequency offset direction 1. `TxOffs` - transmitter frequency offset value 1. `W/N` - bandwidth used by transceiver - * WIDE - 25kHz - * NARROW - 12.5kHz + * WIDE - `25 kHz` + * NARROW - `12.5 kHz` 1. `BusyCL` - busy channel lockout, blocks radio from transmitting when signal is being received 1. `Compnd` - compander (compressor / expander), allows signals with a large dynamic range to be transmitted over facilities that have a smaller dynamic range capability, improves audio quality, both radios should use this option 1. `Mode` - demodulation mode, default is FM, AM / USB can be used for listening only -1. `TXLock` - enable or disable the channel's transmit mode (if it is not covered by the FLock plan) +1. `TXLock` - enable or disable the channel's transmit mode (if it is not covered by the `F Lock` plan) 1. `ChList` - select memory channel scan list 1. `ChSave` - save current setting to a memory channel 1. `ChDele` - delete memory channel @@ -44,10 +51,10 @@ The number in front of the menu-item-description is a **_menu item number_** tha * Repeat above two steps till you reach the end * When "Sure?" pops up, press `M` button to save, or Exit to cancel * Press Exit at any time to cancel the edit and return to main menu. -1. ScList - selects the scan list used for channel scanning. -1. ScPri - enables/disables priority-channel support during scanning. -1. PriCh1 - sets priority channel 1️⃣ -1. PriCh2 - sets priority channel 2️⃣ +1. `ScList` - selects the scan list used for channel scanning. +1. `ScPri` - enables/disables priority-channel support during scanning. +1. `PriCh1` - sets priority channel 1️⃣ +1. `PriCh2` - sets priority channel 2️⃣ 1. `ScnRev` - scan resume mode * CARRIER - after signal disappears, pause for [250 milliseconds to 20 seconds] before resuming scanning * STOP - after receiving a signal, stop the scan @@ -62,25 +69,25 @@ The number in front of the menu-item-description is a **_menu item number_** tha 1. `BatSav` - battery save option, a rate between active time and sleep time (OFF, 1:1 to 1:5) 1. `BatTxt` - additional battery value on the status bar in % or volts 1. `Mic` - microphone sensitivity -1. `MicBar` - microphone bar that appears while transmitting (⛔️ **not functional with the Basic edition**) +1. `MicBar` - microphone bar that appears while transmitting 1. `ChDisp` - channel display style 1. `POnMsg` - power on message 1. `BLTime` - backlight duration 1. `BLMin` - minimal backlight brightness, when the screen backlight turns OFF it will go dim to this value -2. `BLMax` - maximal backlight brightness, when the screen backlight turns ON it will turn bright to this value +1. `BLMax` - maximal backlight brightness, when the screen backlight turns ON it will turn bright to this value 1. `BLTxRx` - backlight activation on TX or RX 1. `Beep` - keypad press beep sound 1. `Roger` - roger beep at the end of transmission 1. `STE` - squelch tail eliminator, eliminates noise at the end of a transmission 1. `RP STE` - repeater squelch tail eliminator -1. `1 Call` - one key call channel, lets you quickly switch to the channel with `9 Call` button +1. `1 Call` - one-key call channel; lets you quickly switch to that channel with the `9 Call` button 1. `UPCode` - DTMF code that is sent at the beginning of transmission 1. `DWCode` - DTMF code that is sent at the end of a transmission 1. `PTT ID` - sets if `UPCode` and/or `DWCode` should be transmitted -1. `D ST` - DTMF side tone switch, lets you hear transmitted tones in the radio speaker +1. `D ST` - DTMF side-tone switch; lets you hear transmitted tones through the radio speaker 1. `D Prel` - DTMF pre-load time 1. `D Live` - displays DTMF codes received by radio in the middle of the screen -1. `VOX` - voice TX activation sensitivity level VOX Setting +1. `VOX` - voice-activated TX sensitivity level 1. `SysInf` - battery voltage and percentage 1. `RxMode` - sets how the upper and lower frequency is used * MAIN ONLY - always transmits and listens on the main frequency (`MO`) @@ -89,13 +96,13 @@ The number in front of the menu-item-description is a **_menu item number_** tha * MAIN TX DUAL RX - always transmits on the primary, listens to both (`DW`) 1. `Sql` - squelch sensitivity level 1. `SetPower` - sets USER Power - * LOW 1 (< ~20mW) + * LOW 1 (< ~20 mW) * LOW 2 (~125 mW) * LOW 3 (~250 mW) * LOW 4 (~500 mW, upper limit under PMR band...) - * LOW 5 (~1W) - * MID (~2W) - * HIGH (~5W) + * LOW 5 (~1 W) + * MID (~2 W) + * HIGH (~5 W) 1. `SetPTT` - sets PTT usage * CLASSIC * ONEPUSH @@ -116,25 +123,25 @@ The number in front of the menu-item-description is a **_menu item number_** tha * KEYS + PTT (to prevent accidental transmission) 1. `SetMet` - sets S-Meter design * CLASSIC - * TINY (as on the Yeasu FT4 or FT-65, for example) + * TINY (as on the Yaesu FT4 or FT-65, for example) 1. `SetGUI` - sets GUI design - * CLASSIC (big font, less informations) - * TINY (small font, more informations) + * CLASSIC (larger font, less information shown) + * TINY (smaller font, more information shown) 1. `SetRxA` – sets RX FM audio profile * FLAT: Lowest output gain (BK4829-safe). Most neutral, best for quiet environments. * CLEAN: Default balanced profile. Comfortable audio with moderate gain. * MID: Higher gain than CLEAN without the aggressiveness of BOOST. * BOOST: Voice-forward profile for weak signals / noisy environments. Higher gain, more “present” audio. * MAX: Maximum output gain (may distort on strong signals or small speakers). Best suited for external speaker. -1. `SetTmr` - sets if RX and TX timers are displayed or not +1. `SetTmr` - sets whether RX and TX timers are displayed 1. `SetOff` - sets the delay before the transceiver goes into deep sleep (OFF or 1 minute to 2 hours) 1. `SetNFM` - sets Narrow FM to Narrow or Narrower 1. `SetVol` - sets the audio volume gain to fine-tune speaker output 1. `SetKey` - sets key to activate RescueOps mode upon startup of the transceiver -# Hidden menu +## Hidden menu -Hidden menu is activated by holding `PTT` + `SIDE BUTTON 1️⃣` while turning on the radio and than Release All Keys. +The hidden menu is activated by holding `PTT` + `SIDE BUTTON 1️⃣` while turning on the radio, then releasing all keys. 70. `F Lock` - sets the TX frequency band plan. * DEFAULT+ (137-174, 400-470) - allows TX on default bands, plus options `Tx 200`, `Tx 350`, `Tx 500` @@ -147,11 +154,20 @@ Hidden menu is activated by holding `PTT` + `SIDE BUTTON 1️⃣` while turning * PMR 446 * GMRS FRS MURS * DISABLE ALL - disables TX on all frequencies - * UNLOCK ALL - enables TX on all bands (it has additional lock, read a wiki on [how to turn that on](https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/Radio-operation#tx-on-all-bands)) -1. `350 En` - enables RX on 350MHz + * UNLOCK ALL - enables TX on all bands. It has an additional lock; see [how to turn that on](./Advanced-features#tx-on-all-bands). +1. `350 En` - enables RX on `350 MHz` 1. `BatCal` - battery calibration, measure the voltage on the back of the radio, and adjust the value in the menu accordingly -1. `BatTyp` - battery type, 1600mAh, 2200mAh and 3500mAh battery has very different discharge curve, this is used to calculate battery level percentage +1. `BatTyp` - battery type. `1600 mAh`, `2200 mAh`, and `3500 mAh` batteries have very different discharge curves; this setting is used to calculate battery level percentage 1. `SetNav` - configures the navigation type (UP/DOWN for UV-K5, LEFT/RIGHT for UV-K1) 1. `Reset` - resets radio configuration settings * VFO - removes only channel settings * ALL - resets all (channel and radio settings) + +## Related pages + +* [Getting started](./Getting-started) +* [Radio operation](./Radio-operation) +* [Scanning](./Scanning) +* [Button functions](./Button-functions) +* [Advanced features](./Advanced-features) +* [Troubleshooting](./Troubleshooting) diff --git a/Radio-operation.md b/Radio-operation.md index d2b7da8..b328210 100644 --- a/Radio-operation.md +++ b/Radio-operation.md @@ -1,378 +1,128 @@ > 🌐 **Translate** > Automatic translation is available via Google Translate: [Open translated version](https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&u=https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/Radio-operation/). -# Basic operation & configuration -Radio display is split into upper VFO and lower VFO. You can change upper/lower selection by pressing `F` + `2 A/B` (or by long press `2 A/B`). +# Radio operation -Each VFO can operate independently of each other function in either frequency or channel mode. To switch modes select the desired VFO and press `F` + `3 VFO/MR` (or long press `3 VFO/MR`). +This page covers the day-to-day operation of the transceiver: switching between VFO and memory mode, reading the status bar, understanding TX restrictions, and managing sleep behavior. + +For scan-related features, see [Scanning](./Scanning). For Air Copy, RescueOps, K5 Viewer, Resume Mode, the built-in game, and the research-oriented TX unlock procedure, see [Advanced features](./Advanced-features). + +> [!WARNING] +> Do not use Quansheng CPS. It overwrites custom settings. + +## On this page + +* [Basic operation & configuration](#basic-operation--configuration) +* [Status bar](#status-bar) +* [About the `F Lock` and `TXLock` menus](#about-the-f-lock-and-txlock-menus) +* [About the SetOff menu](#about-the-setoff-menu) +* [1750 Hz tone burst for repeater access](#1750-hz-tone-burst-for-repeater-access) +* [Related pages](#related-pages) + +> [!TIP] +> Common quick checks: +> - Quansheng CPS overwrote custom settings +> - the frequency is outside the selected `F Lock` plan +> - `TXLock` is still `ON` +> - `AM` or `USB` is selected instead of `FM` +> +> See [Troubleshooting](./Troubleshooting) for the short version. + +## Basic operation & configuration + +The radio display is split into an upper VFO and a lower VFO. You can change upper/lower selection by pressing `F` + `2 A/B` (or by long-pressing `2 A/B`). + +Each VFO can operate independently in either frequency mode or channel mode. To switch modes, select the desired VFO and press `F` + `3 VFO/MR` (or long-press `3 VFO/MR`). ![DW](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/16c40aa2-e6a1-49e1-887c-b3a7b73e78e7) -In the `frequency mode` you manually type in the frequency with the keypad. You can also switch different options for that VFO in the menu (first 13 menu entries). If you setup the VFO, the settings can be saved to a memory channel by going into the menu `ChSave` and choosing the memory channel the VFO should be saved into. +In `frequency mode`, you manually enter the frequency with the keypad. You can also change different options for that VFO in the menu (the first 13 menu entries). Once the VFO is set up, the settings can be saved to a memory channel by going into the `ChSave` menu and choosing the target memory channel. -In the `channel mode` you can switch between saved memory channels. Memory channels can be added manually as mentioned before or with a computer with [`CHIRP`](https://github.com/armel/uvk5-chirp-driver). +In `channel mode`, you can switch between saved memory channels. Memory channels can be added manually as mentioned above or programmed from a computer with the `CHIRP` driver provided with each firmware release, or another compatible tool. -> [!WARNING] -Do not use Quansheng CPS it overwrites custom settings. +For frequency scan, memory scan, `ScnRng`, and DCS / CTCSS scanning, see [Scanning](./Scanning). -# Status bar +## Status bar -At the top of the screen, on the first line, appears the status bar. It displays many information. Here are some examples: +At the top of the screen, on the first line, is the status bar. It displays a lot of information. Here are some examples: | Screenshot of the Quansheng K5 running the F4HWN firmware | Description | | --- | --- | -|![1](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/ebc5166a-428a-4b9c-981d-2558c7dffbaa) | DWR means RxMode is set to DUAL RX RESPOND, OP means PTT is set to ONEPUSH, the F icon means the F Key has been pressed and you see the battery voltage. | -|![2](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/4a2bc735-b096-4e36-8d02-5eda53a929ff) | PS means PowerSave is activated, DW means RxMode is set to MAIN TX / DUAL RX, VX means Vox is activated, CL means PTT is set to CLASSIC, the lock icon means the keypad is locked and you see the battery voltage. | -|![3](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/399961df-47f9-449e-b9ef-034426d66991) | PS means PowerSave is activated, MO means RxMode is set to MAIN ONLY, OP means PTT is set to ONEPUSH and you see the battery percentage. | -|![4](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/3840b6b6-654a-4670-8f15-49f8ab94121c) | MO means RxMode is set to MAIN ONLY, OP means PTT is set to ONEPUSH, the Light icon means the manual Backlight control is activated, and you see the battery percentage. | -|![5](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/36c409d6-6de2-42e3-b7b2-e395bcb4d5b4) | The RX timer on the left indicates how long it has been since you received a signal, OP means PTT is set to ONEPUSH, the Light icon means the manual Backlight control is activated and you see the battery percentage. | -|![6](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/94860ea7-dc8b-4cc7-ba50-aa1ad6aa8227) | The small 02 in reverse video and >< means you're currently scanning LIST 02, CL means PTT is set to CLASSIC, the Light icon means the manual Backlight control is activated, and you see the battery percentage. | -|![7](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/def900df-05d0-4729-8115-6d909b10bb3f) | The ALL icon and >< means you're currently scanning ALL channels, OP means PTT is set to ONEPUSH, the Light icon means the manual Backlight control is activated and you see the battery percentage. | +|![1](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/ebc5166a-428a-4b9c-981d-2558c7dffbaa) | DWR means RxMode is set to DUAL RX RESPOND, OP means PTT is set to ONEPUSH, the F icon means the `F` key has been pressed, and you see the battery voltage. | +|![2](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/4a2bc735-b096-4e36-8d02-5eda53a929ff) | PS means Power Save is activated, DW means RxMode is set to MAIN TX / DUAL RX, VX means VOX is activated, CL means PTT is set to CLASSIC, the lock icon means the keypad is locked, and you see the battery voltage. | +|![3](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/399961df-47f9-449e-b9ef-034426d66991) | PS means Power Save is activated, MO means RxMode is set to MAIN ONLY, OP means PTT is set to ONEPUSH, and you see the battery percentage. | +|![4](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/3840b6b6-654a-4670-8f15-49f8ab94121c) | MO means RxMode is set to MAIN ONLY, OP means PTT is set to ONEPUSH, the Light icon means the manual Backlight control is activated, and you see the battery percentage. | +|![5](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/36c409d6-6de2-42e3-b7b2-e395bcb4d5b4) | The RX timer on the left indicates how long it has been since you received a signal, OP means PTT is set to ONEPUSH, the Light icon means the manual Backlight control is activated and you see the battery percentage. | +|![6](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/94860ea7-dc8b-4cc7-ba50-aa1ad6aa8227) | The small `02` in reverse video and `><` mean you are currently scanning list `02`, CL means PTT is set to CLASSIC, the Light icon means the manual Backlight control is activated, and you see the battery percentage. | +|![7](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/def900df-05d0-4729-8115-6d909b10bb3f) | The `ALL` icon and `><` mean you are currently scanning all listed channels, OP means PTT is set to ONEPUSH, the Light icon means the manual Backlight control is activated, and you see the battery percentage. | > [!NOTE] -> About RxMode, MO means MAIN ONLY, DW means MAIN TX / DUAL RX, DWR means DUAL RX RESPOND and XB means CROSS BAND. +> About `RxMode`, `MO` means MAIN ONLY, `DW` means MAIN TX / DUAL RX, `DWR` means DUAL RX RESPOND, and `XB` means CROSS BAND. -# About the FLock and TXLock menus +## About the `F Lock` and `TXLock` menus -In the past, there were a few band plans in the F Lock menu to meet various requests: PMR 446, FRS/GMRS/MURS, etc. However, adding new F Lock options always took up a lot of memory: new options in the F Lock menu, storing frequencies (for specialists, these are uint32_t each time, so they are very memory-consuming), etc. +In the past, there were a few band plans in the `F Lock` menu to meet various requests: PMR 446, FRS/GMRS/MURS, etc. However, adding new `F Lock` options always took up a lot of memory: new options in the `F Lock` menu, storing frequencies (for specialists, these are `uint32_t` each time, so they are very memory-consuming), etc. -Now, it must be recognized that it was complicated, if not impossible, to offer band plans that could cover and meet all expectations. There are too many variations from one country to another. Additionally, nothing is planned for combining multiple frequency plans from the F Lock menu. For example, opening both the PMR 446 and LPD bands. In summary, F Lock is too limited and not scalable. +Now, it must be recognized that it was complicated, if not impossible, to offer band plans that could cover and meet all expectations. There are too many variations from one country to another. Additionally, nothing is planned for combining multiple frequency plans from the `F Lock` menu. For example, opening both the PMR 446 and LPD bands. In summary, `F Lock` is too limited and not scalable. Here is the solution: -1 - Select the most suitable band plan from the F Lock menu. For example, if you have a callsign and live in Europe, select CE HAM. If you don’t have a callsign and are just an SWL, select DISABLE ALL, which is safer. +1. Select the most suitable band plan from the `F Lock` menu. For example, if you have a callsign and live in Europe, select CE HAM. If you do not have a callsign and are just an SWL, select DISABLE ALL, which is safer. +1. If you still want to transmit on a memory channel that is not open by the band plan, go to the `TXLock` menu and choose `OFF`. This creates an exception and allows transmission on that channel. -2 - If you still want to transmit on a memory channel that isn’t open by the band plan, go to the TXLock menu and choose OFF. This will create an exception and allow you to transmit on this channel. +In a nutshell: -In a nutshell : +* if the frequency is inside the band plan selected in `F Lock`, you can transmit +* if the frequency is outside the band plan selected in `F Lock`: + * you can transmit only if `TXLock` is `OFF` + * you cannot transmit if `TXLock` is `ON` -* In memory channel or VFO mode, if the frequency is inside the band plan selected in FLock, you can transmit. -* In memory channel or VFO mode, if the frequency is outside the band plan selected in FLock, - * you can transmit only if TXLock is OFF - * you cannot transmit if TXLock is ON +If a memory channel or VFO is outside the selected band plan and `TXLock` is `ON`, there will be a small padlock to the left of the name. -Note that if a memory channel or VFO is outside the band plan and TXLock is ON, there will be a small padlock to the left of the name. +For the research-oriented `UNLOCK ALL` procedure, see [Advanced features](./Advanced-features#tx-on-all-bands). -# About the SetOff menu +## About the SetOff menu -The SetOff menu allows you to configure a timeout before your radio enters sleep mode. This delay can be set between 1 minute and 2 hours. If the SetOff option is set to OFF, the sleep mode will be disabled. +The `SetOff` menu allows you to configure a timeout before your radio enters sleep mode. This delay can be set between 1 minute and 2 hours. If `SetOff` is `OFF`, sleep mode is disabled. For example, if you set the delay to 5 minutes and during this time there is: -* no reception, -* no transmission, -* no button press, +* no reception +* no transmission +* no button press -then your radio will automatically enter sleep mode. You will be notified 10 seconds before, with a screen blinking. +then your radio will automatically enter sleep mode. You will be notified 10 seconds before with a blinking screen. -Note that sleep mode will be activated, even if you are in the scanning phase (without any reception, of course). +Note that sleep mode will be activated even if you are scanning, as long as no reception occurs. Once in sleep mode: -* the screen will be completely off, -* the red LED at the base of the antenna will blink, -* the BK4819 module will go into deep sleep mode, waking up periodically every: -* * 2 seconds if BatSav is set to 1:1 -* * 4 seconds if BatSav is set to 1:2 -* * 6 seconds if BatSav is set to 1:3 -* * 8 seconds if BatSav is set to 1:4 -* * 10 seconds if BatSav is set to 1:5 +* the screen is completely off +* the red LED at the base of the antenna blinks +* the BK4819 module goes into deep sleep mode and wakes up periodically every: + * 2 seconds if `BatSav` is set to `1:1` + * 4 seconds if `BatSav` is set to `1:2` + * 6 seconds if `BatSav` is set to `1:3` + * 8 seconds if `BatSav` is set to `1:4` + * 10 seconds if `BatSav` is set to `1:5` To exit sleep mode, you simply need to: -* receive a signal during the BK4819 periodic wake-up phase, -* initiate a transmission by pressing the PTT button, -* or press any other button. +* receive a signal during the BK4819 periodic wake-up phase +* initiate a transmission by pressing the PTT button +* or press any other button -As an example, I tested the sleep mode on two K5(8) radios with calibrated and fully charged batteries, using the same settings, frequencies, mode (DWR) and BatSav set to 1:5. The only difference was that one of the radios had sleep mode activated, while the other did not. After 36 hours of operation, the radio without sleep mode had only 20% battery remaining, while the one with sleep mode still had 60% battery. +As an example, I tested sleep mode on two K5(8) radios with calibrated and fully charged batteries, using the same settings, frequencies, mode (`DWR`), and `BatSav` set to `1:5`. The only difference was that one radio had sleep mode enabled while the other did not. After 36 hours of operation, the radio without sleep mode had only 20% battery remaining, while the one with sleep mode still had 60% battery. -# Frequency / Memory scanning +## 1750 Hz tone burst for repeater access -## Frequency scanning +When `PTT` is pressed, the 1750 Hz tone can be activated by pressing [`Side button 2️⃣`](./Button-functions#side-button-2%EF%B8%8F%E2%83%A3). -To start a frequency scan switch a VFO in frequency mode. Set a start frequency. Set a frequency step (menu `Step`). Start scanning with [custom button scan function](https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/Button-functions#custom-button-functions) or by long pressing the `* Scan` button. +## Related pages -### Scan frequency range function -* switch to frequency mode -* set upper and lower VFO frequencies to scan range boundaries -* long-press `5 NOAA`, `ScnRng` label should show up -* start scan with long-press `* Scan` -* it will scan between given boundaries -* long-press `5 NOAA` or `EXIT`, or switch VFOs to exit `ScnRng` mode - -![Scran Range](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/0f6edd44-3086-4f49-8340-8480486e70a5) - -`ScnRng` function is also supported by spectrum analyzer. If you activated the function just start [spectrum analyzer](./Spectrum-analyzer). - -## Memory channels scanning - -Memory scan lets the radio scan saved memory channels instead of stepping through frequencies. - -To use it, switch the VFO to **Memory mode**, then start scan with a programmed scan key or by long-pressing `* Scan`. - -### Scan Lists - -The radio provides **24 scan lists**. Each memory channel can be assigned to: - -- `OFF`: the channel is excluded from scan lists -- `1` to `24`: the channel belongs to one specific scan list -- `ALL`: the channel is included in all scan lists - -A memory channel can belong to only one of these states at a time. - -### Assigning a Channel to a Scan List - -To change the scan-list assignment of the current memory channel: - -- open the **ScList** menu, or -- long-press `5 NOAA` for the quick assignment shortcut - -The quick shortcut cycles the channel through: - -- `OFF` -- `1` to `24` -- `ALL` - -The current assignment is shown to the right of the channel name. - -### Named Scan Lists - -Scan lists can have short names. - -When a list has a name, the radio shows that **3-character name** instead of the numeric list number where possible: - -- in scan-related status indicators -- in list selection menus -- in the channel list-assignment display - -If a list has no name, the radio shows the list number instead. - -### Active Scan List - -Memory scan always uses one **active scan list**. - -The currently active list is shown at the top-left of the screen while scanning: - -- `01` to `24` for a numbered list -- `ALL` for all listed channels - -If the selected list has a name, that short name is displayed instead of the number. - -If the selected list is empty or invalid, the radio automatically switches to the next valid, non-empty list. - -### Starting Memory Scan - -Once channels have been assigned to lists, start memory scan by: - -- using a key assigned to the scan function, or -- long-pressing `* Scan` - -The radio then scans the memory channels that belong to the currently active scan list. - -### Changing the Scan List During Scan - -The active scan list can be changed without stopping the scan. - -- `F + * Scan`, or long-press `* Scan`: switch to the next valid non-empty scan list -- `F + navigation key`: browse through scan lists while scanning (`UP` / `DOWN` on UV-K5, `LEFT` / `RIGHT` on UV-K1) -- keypad direct entry: - - `01` to `24`: select that scan list directly - - `00`: select `ALL` - -If the requested list is empty, the radio beeps and jumps to the next valid, non-empty list. - -### Changing Scan Direction - -While scanning, press a navigation key: - -- `UP` / `DOWN` on UV-K5 -- `LEFT` / `RIGHT` on UV-K1 - -This reverses the direction used to step through memory channels in the current scan list. - -### Priority Scan - -The radio supports two priority channels: - -- `PriCh1` -- `PriCh2` - -These are configured in the menu and controlled by the **ScPri** setting. - -#### How it works - -When priority scan is enabled, the radio does not simply scan channels in list order. Instead, it repeatedly inserts the priority channels into the scan cycle. - -The scan sequence becomes: - -1. `PriCh1` -2. `PriCh2` -3. next regular channel from the active scan list - -This cycle then repeats continuously. - -This allows the radio to check the two priority channels more often than regular channels, so activity on them is detected faster. - -#### Important behavior - -When priority scan is enabled: - -- priority channels are handled separately from normal list scanning -- if a priority channel also belongs to the active scan list, it is removed from the regular scan path to avoid being scanned twice -- priority channels can still be checked even if they are outside the normal list progression - -### Scan Stop and Resume Behavior - -When the scanner finds activity on a channel, what happens next depends on the **ScRev** setting. - -Depending on this setting, the radio may: - -- resume scanning automatically after a delay -- remain stopped on the active channel until scan is restarted manually - -Pause and resume behavior are therefore controlled by the scan resume mode, not by the scan list itself. - -### Excluding a Channel During Scan - -While memory scan is stopped on a received memory channel, long-press `MENU` to exclude that channel from future memory scans. - -#### Important note - -This exclusion is temporary. - -The channel remains excluded until the next restart of the transceiver. - -## Scan resume - -If you switch off the transceiver while it is scanning, the scan will automatically resume the next time you restart it. - -## Common frequency / channel scanning features - -The following controls apply to both frequency scan and memory scan: - -- press a navigation key while scanning to reverse the scan direction (`UP` / `DOWN` on UV-K5, `LEFT` / `RIGHT` on UV-K1) -- press `EXIT` to stop scan and return to the frequency or channel that was selected before scan began -- press `PTT` or `MENU` to stop scan and keep the last frequency or channel where activity was found - -# Single frequency scanning (frequency copy), DCS / CTCSS scanning - -This function will allow you to find out and copy frequency and coding settings. The frequency search will only work for strong signals. The transmitting radio has to be close. To start a frequency copy (FC) function use `4 FC` function button. Scanner screen will open. Push and hold a PTT button on the other radio. Wait couple of seconds until frequency and code (if used) appears on the screen. The settings can be saved with the `MENU` button. The settings will be save either to a channel or the main VFO, depending in which mode you started the scan. - -You can also search only the DCS / CTCSS code for a frequency set on the main VFO. Choose desired frequency or channel and press `F` + `* SCAN`. The same screen will appear, but the frequency search will be omitted, instead the frequency of the main VFO will be used. Wait for a signal to appear or press the PTT on the other radio. It takes 1-2sec for the code to be found. The save procedure is the same as above. - -There is another option of DCS / CTCSS code scanning. Choose desired frequency or a channel. Go to the menu `RxDCS` or `RxCTCS`. Enter the menu option and press `* SCAN` button. A SCAN label will appear. Wait for a radio signal or press the PTT button on the other radio. When code is found the SCAN label will disappear, to save confirm the option with the `MENU` button. It doesn't matter on which of the two menu items you start the scan. Both DCS and CTCSS will always be found, and the menu entry will be changed to the correct one. - -# 1750 Hz toneburst for repeater access - -When the `PTT` is pressed, the 1750 Hz can be activated by pressing [`Side button 2️⃣`](https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/Button-functions#side-button-2%EF%B8%8F%E2%83%A3). - -# Air Copy - -Air Copy is activated by holding PTT + SIDE BUTTON 2️⃣ while turning on the radio and than Release All Keys. - -This feature allows you to reproduce memory channels from one radio (source) to another (target) using FSK modulation. By default, transmission takes place on the LPD band (434.000 MHz) at very low power (a few milliwats). - -On the target radio, press `EXIT` key to start reception. On the source radio, press the `M` key to start transmission. - -Wait for 120 packets to be sent from the source to the target. You may see a few packets lost, but this is not really important. Even if you lose 3 packets, that's a 2.5% loss. Out of 200 memory channels, this means that 195 will have been replicated correctly. It's often enough to repeat the operation a second time to have 100% of the channels replicated. - -![Air Copy](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/93307d28-c2e2-4fe3-8bae-fad7f6e817ad) - -# RescueOps - -## Disclaimer - -I would like to clarify that I am not an expert in emergency services; however, this special feature has been developed with the intent to meet the communication needs of first responders as effectively as possible. I am open to improvement suggestions from professionals, within the limits of my abilities, the time available to me and the technical capabilities of the transceiver. - -## Overview - -The RescueOps feature has been specifically developed to integrate into a communication system designed for first responders (firefighters, etc.). It does not include the bandscope or FM broadcast reception, which are likely unnecessary in this context. However, it includes support for Aircopy (potentially useful in the field, away from a PC), NOAA weather broadcasts (for North America), and enhanced Flashlight functionality, which can be set to fixed, blinking, or SOS modes. Additionally, a new menu has been added: SetKey. This menu allows users to select a key to activate RescueOps mode upon startup of the transceiver. Take a look to menu 68 (default Key is `MENU`, but it's possible too choose between `MENU`, `UP`, `DOWN`, `EXIT` and `* SCAN`). - -## Usage - -> [!NOTE] -> [Emanuele](https://github.com/emanuelegissi), a member of the “[Corpo nazionale dei Vigili del fuoco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigili_del_Fuoco)”, has written a [documentation](https://github.com/emanuelegissi/uv-k5-firmware-custom/wiki) specifically dedicated to the use of the RescueOps feature. Many thanks to him. - -By default, the transceiver functions like any other firmware version, allowing access to menus (and hidden menus), long presses or F key combinations to activate various functions directly from the keyboard (e.g., to start a scan or adjust transmission power), as well as shortcuts. - -However, if the transceiver is turned on while pressing both the PTT AND the key configured in SetKey menu, it will switch to RescueOps mode, triggering the following changes: - -- Locks the menu, -- Disables long presses and F key combinations (except A/B and Keylock), -- Prevents restarting in Hidden Menus mode. -- The keyboard can only be used to change memory channels, just as with the UP and DOWN keys. - -Short and long presses on F1 and F2, as well as long presses on M, remain available for shortcuts. This configuration is the responsibility of the person in charge of setting up the transceiver. If shortcuts are not desired, they can simply be set to the action NONE. - -Note that the RescueOps feature offers 2 new actions: -- POWER HIGH, which lets you quickly switch to the maximum power of 5 Watts, if required, -- REMOVE OFFSET, to remove the offset of a memory channel, if present. -These 2 actions were added at the request of rescue professionals and correspond to needs in the field. - -Once in RescueOps mode, each normal startup will keep the transceiver in this mode. To return to the default mode, with access to menus and hidden menus, simply repeat the startup operation while pressing both the PTT AND the key configured in SetKey menu. - -# Game - -This firmware include a small breakout game. - -* To start the game, press `F+7`. -* To exit, press `EXIT`. -* You can pause the game with `M`. -* Move the paddle using `4` or `UP` to go left, and `0` or `DOWN` to go right. - -This game has no ambition beyond fun — the idea was simply to explore what’s possible on the Quansheng K5, alongside its radio features. Think of it as a playful nod to the Nokia 3310 era. - -![Game](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/45e20b92-3955-4313-84d7-6c831be1e176) - -# K5 Viewer - -K5Viewer is a lightweight viewer that displays the live screen output of the Quansheng K1 and K5 transceiver (running F4HWN firmware), transmitted via UART to your computer through a Baofeng/Kenwood-style USB-to-Serial cable. - -> [!WARNING] -> K5Viewer IS NOT A REMOTE CONTROL TOOL. - -Here is a quick tutorial for dummies: - -1. Flash your Quansheng K1 or K5 with F4HWN firmware -2. Keep the transceiver connected to your PC via the USB cable -3. Go to [https://armel.github.io/k5viewer/](https://armel.github.io/k5viewer/) -4. Click Connect (and select the serial port) - -That’s it. Nothing to install. Nothing to configure. Just plug and view 🤭 - -https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/62f67980-6f86-4b6f-b900-c293655a919c - -# Resume Mode - -Your transceiver will restart in the same state it was in before being turned off. So, if it was in Bandscope mode, listening to FM Broadcast, or scanning, it will automatically resume that state upon the next startup. - -# TX on all bands - -## Warning - -**This modification is UNTESTED and is for RESEARCH PURPOSES ONLY, to explore the capabilities of the device and its chipset. DO NOT transmit on illegal frequencies. DO use a dummy load. The author(s) and contributor(s) of this repository are NOT liable for any damages, litigation, or other consequences of the misuse of this research firmware and do not accept any culpability. By installing any firmware from this repository, you accept full responsibility for any consequences that may arise and waive the right to pursue legal action against the author(s).** - -This option won't give you ability to transmit in any other modulation than FM, this is a hardware limitation. Switching to AM or SSB only switches AF audio output mode of a RF IC. It doesn't switch the whole IC into AM / SSB mode. This is for listening only. This firmware is also built with additional lock that blocks TX when AM or SSB is on. - -As an example against using this for actual communications, consider the following chart for transmission power for a transmission at 27.254MHz: - -![txspectrum](https://github.com/egzumer/uv-k5-firmware-custom/assets/14902414/65cdcb90-01b3-4344-a06b-ac7b8c408899) - -- 27.254MHz -> **228 microwatts** -- 54 Mhz -> 2.4 milliwatts -- 81 Mhz -> 230 milliwatts -- 109 Mhz -> 558 milliwatts -- 136 Mhz -> 412 milliwatts -- 163 Mhz -> 122 milliwatts -- 190 Mhz -> 14.8 milliwatts -- 218 Mhz -> 2 milliwatts -- And finally, on 245 Mhz -> 2.6 milliwatts. - -CREDITS: https://github.com/Tunas1337/UV-K5-Modded-Firmwares#even-bigger-warning - -## How to unlock TX on all bands - -1. Go to [hidden menu](https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/Menu#hidden-menu) -1. Enter menu `F-Lock` -1. Choose option `UNLOCK ALL` -1. Repeat steps 2-3 **3 times**. Do it carefully, if you confirm any other option in the process counter will get zeroed and you will have to repeat that **3 times** more. +* [Getting started](./Getting-started) +* [Scanning](./Scanning) +* [Menu](./Menu) +* [Button functions](./Button-functions) +* [Advanced features](./Advanced-features) +* [Troubleshooting](./Troubleshooting) diff --git a/Scanning.md b/Scanning.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c61dacf --- /dev/null +++ b/Scanning.md @@ -0,0 +1,202 @@ +> 🌐 **Translate** +> Automatic translation is available via Google Translate: [Open translated version](https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&u=https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/Scanning/). + +# Scanning + +This page groups all scan-related features: frequency scan, memory scan, scan lists, `ScnRng`, frequency copy, and DCS / CTCSS scanning. + +For day-to-day VFO/channel operation, see [Radio operation](./Radio-operation). For spectrum sweep usage, see [Spectrum analyzer](./Spectrum-analyzer). + +## On this page + +* [Frequency scanning](#frequency-scanning) +* [Memory channels scanning](#memory-channels-scanning) +* [Frequency copy and DCS / CTCSS scanning](#frequency-copy-and-dcs--ctcss-scanning) +* [Related pages](#related-pages) + +> [!TIP] +> If memory scan seems broken, the most common cause is an empty active scan list. See [Troubleshooting](./Troubleshooting) for the quick checks. + +## Frequency scanning + +To start a frequency scan, switch a VFO to frequency mode. Set a start frequency. Set a frequency step (menu `Step`). Start scanning with a [custom scan button function](./Button-functions#custom-button-functions) or by long-pressing the `* Scan` button. + +### Scan frequency range function + +* switch to frequency mode +* set the upper and lower VFO frequencies to the scan range boundaries +* long-press `5 NOAA`; the `ScnRng` label should appear +* start the scan by long-pressing `* Scan` +* the radio will scan between the selected boundaries +* long-press `5 NOAA` or `EXIT`, or switch VFOs, to exit `ScnRng` mode + +![Scan Range](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/0f6edd44-3086-4f49-8340-8480486e70a5) + +The `ScnRng` function is also supported by the spectrum analyzer. If you have already enabled `ScnRng`, just start the [spectrum analyzer](./Spectrum-analyzer). + +## Memory channels scanning + +Memory scan lets the radio scan saved memory channels instead of stepping through frequencies. + +To use it, switch the VFO to **Memory mode**, then start scan with a programmed scan key or by long-pressing `* Scan`. + +### Scan Lists + +The radio provides **24 scan lists**. Each memory channel can be assigned to: + +* `OFF`: the channel is excluded from scan lists +* `1` to `24`: the channel belongs to one specific scan list +* `ALL`: the channel is included in all scan lists + +A memory channel can belong to only one of these states at a time. + +### Assigning a Channel to a Scan List + +To change the scan-list assignment of the current memory channel: + +* open the `ScList` menu +* or long-press `5 NOAA` for the quick assignment shortcut + +The quick shortcut cycles the channel through: + +* `OFF` +* `1` to `24` +* `ALL` + +The current assignment is shown to the right of the channel name. + +### Named Scan Lists + +Scan lists can have short names. + +When a list has a name, the radio shows that **3-character name** instead of the numeric list number where possible: + +* in scan-related status indicators +* in list selection menus +* in the channel list-assignment display + +If a list has no name, the radio shows the list number instead. + +### Active Scan List + +Memory scan always uses one **active scan list**. + +The currently active list is shown at the top-left of the screen while scanning: + +* `01` to `24` for a numbered list +* `ALL` for all listed channels + +If the selected list has a name, that short name is displayed instead of the number. + +If the selected list is empty or invalid, the radio automatically switches to the next valid, non-empty list. + +### Starting Memory Scan + +Once channels have been assigned to lists, start memory scan by: + +* using a key assigned to the scan function +* or long-pressing `* Scan` + +The radio then scans the memory channels that belong to the currently active scan list. + +### Changing the Scan List During Scan + +The active scan list can be changed without stopping the scan. + +* `F + * Scan`, or long-press `* Scan`: switch to the next valid non-empty scan list +* `F + navigation key`: browse through scan lists while scanning (`UP` / `DOWN` on UV-K5, `LEFT` / `RIGHT` on UV-K1) +* keypad direct entry: + * `01` to `24`: select that scan list directly + * `00`: select `ALL` + +If the requested list is empty, the radio beeps and jumps to the next valid, non-empty list. + +### Changing Scan Direction + +While scanning, press a navigation key: + +* `UP` / `DOWN` on UV-K5 +* `LEFT` / `RIGHT` on UV-K1 + +This reverses the direction used to step through memory channels in the current scan list. + +### Priority Scan + +The radio supports two priority channels: + +* `PriCh1` +* `PriCh2` + +These are configured in the menu and controlled by the `ScPri` setting. + +#### How it works + +When priority scan is enabled, the radio does not simply scan channels in list order. Instead, it repeatedly inserts the priority channels into the scan cycle. + +The scan sequence becomes: + +1. `PriCh1` +1. `PriCh2` +1. next regular channel from the active scan list + +This cycle then repeats continuously. + +This allows the radio to check the two priority channels more often than regular channels, so activity on them is detected faster. + +#### Important behavior + +When priority scan is enabled: + +* priority channels are handled separately from normal list scanning +* if a priority channel also belongs to the active scan list, it is removed from the regular scan path to avoid being scanned twice +* priority channels can still be checked even if they are outside the normal list progression + +### Scan Stop and Resume Behavior + +When the scanner finds activity on a channel, what happens next depends on the `ScnRev` setting. + +Depending on this setting, the radio may: + +* resume scanning automatically after a delay +* remain stopped on the active channel until scan is restarted manually + +Pause and resume behavior are therefore controlled by the scan resume mode, not by the scan list itself. + +### Excluding a Channel During Scan + +While memory scan is stopped on a received memory channel, long-press `MENU` to exclude that channel from future memory scans. + +#### Important note + +This exclusion is temporary. + +The channel remains excluded until the next restart of the transceiver. + +### Scan resume + +If you switch off the transceiver while it is scanning, the scan will automatically resume the next time you restart it. + +### Common frequency / channel scanning features + +The following controls apply to both frequency scan and memory scan: + +* press a navigation key while scanning to reverse the scan direction (`UP` / `DOWN` on UV-K5, `LEFT` / `RIGHT` on UV-K1) +* press `EXIT` to stop scan and return to the frequency or channel that was selected before scan began +* press `PTT` or `MENU` to stop scan and keep the last frequency or channel where activity was found + +## Frequency copy and DCS / CTCSS scanning + +This function lets you detect and copy frequency and coding settings. The frequency search works only for strong signals, so the transmitting radio has to be close. To start frequency copy (`FC`), use the `4 FC` function button. The scanner screen will open. Push and hold the PTT button on the other radio. Wait a couple of seconds until the frequency and code (if used) appear on the screen. The settings can be saved with the `MENU` button. They will be saved either to a channel or to the main VFO, depending on which mode you started the scan in. + +You can also search only for the DCS / CTCSS code for a frequency set on the main VFO. Choose the desired frequency or channel and press `F` + `* SCAN`. The same screen will appear, but the frequency search will be omitted; the frequency of the main VFO will be used instead. Wait for a signal to appear or press the PTT on the other radio. It takes 1 to 2 seconds for the code to be found. The save procedure is the same as above. + +There is another way to scan for a DCS / CTCSS code. Choose the desired frequency or channel. Go to the `RxDCS` or `RxCTCS` menu. Enter the menu option and press the `* SCAN` button. A `SCAN` label will appear. Wait for a radio signal or press the PTT button on the other radio. When the code is found, the `SCAN` label will disappear. To save it, confirm the option with the `MENU` button. It does not matter which of the two menu items you start from: both DCS and CTCSS can be found, and the menu entry will be changed to the correct one. + +## Related pages + +* [Getting started](./Getting-started) +* [Radio operation](./Radio-operation) +* [Button functions](./Button-functions) +* [Spectrum analyzer](./Spectrum-analyzer) +* [Advanced features](./Advanced-features) +* [Troubleshooting](./Troubleshooting) diff --git a/Spectrum-analyzer.md b/Spectrum-analyzer.md index 7685ee8..6ec73a1 100644 --- a/Spectrum-analyzer.md +++ b/Spectrum-analyzer.md @@ -1,19 +1,25 @@ > 🌐 **Translate** > Automatic translation is available via Google Translate: [Open translated version](https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&u=https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/Spectrum-analyzer/). -# Spectrum Sweep screen -Press `F` + `5 NOAA` to turn on the **Spectrum analyzer**.
-The current VFO/Memory frequency will be the **_center frequency_** of the spectrum sweep +# Spectrum analyzer + +## Spectrum Sweep screen + +Press `F` + `5 NOAA` to turn on the **Spectrum analyzer**. +The current VFO or memory frequency will be the **_center frequency_** of the spectrum sweep. ![Spectrum Analyzer](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/0598ee7f-bcf4-468b-a33d-f2b8efc6910b) -Spectrum analyzer can also be used with [**ScnRng** mode](./Radio-operation#scan-frequency-range-function)
-NOTE: in this mode blacklist is limited to 15 frequecies +The spectrum analyzer can also be used with [**ScnRng** mode](./Scanning#scan-frequency-range-function). -## Button functions +> [!NOTE] +> - `PTT` opens detail monitoring for the last received frequency +> - with `ScnRng`, the blacklist is limited to 15 frequencies + +### Button functions * `1` / `7` - increases/decreases frequency step between consecutive bars * `4` - toggles the number of bars (channels) in the graph -* `2` / `8` - increases/decreases frequency step size by which the graph is scrolled with UP/DOWN buttons +* `2` / `8` - increases/decreases the frequency step size used when the graph is scrolled with the `UP` / `DOWN` buttons * `5` - shows a frequency input box for lower sweep frequency (value in **MHz**, `*` - decimal point) * `3` / `9` - increases/decreases maximum dB value (vertical scale) * `6` - toggles receiver bandwidth @@ -24,13 +30,21 @@ NOTE: in this mode blacklist is limited to 15 frequecies * `EXIT` - exits to a previous screen/function * `PTT` - switches screen to _**detail monitoring**_ of last received frequency (_see below_) -# Detail Monitor screen +## Detail Monitor screen ![LNA](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/635b7049-4f80-42ba-99e8-ea5295708fab) -## Button functions -* `M` - Scrolls through the parameters displayed at the bottom of the screen which can be adjusted with `UP` and `DOWN` buttons +### Button functions +* `M` - scrolls through the parameters displayed at the bottom of the screen, which can be adjusted with the `UP` and `DOWN` buttons * LNAs - Short Low Noise Amplifier * LNA - Low Noise Amplifier * PGA - Programmable Gain Amplifier -* `EXIT` - exits to the previous screen of the spectrum analyzer \ No newline at end of file +* `EXIT` - exits to the previous screen of the spectrum analyzer + +## Related pages + +* [Getting started](./Getting-started) +* [Scanning](./Scanning) +* [Button functions](./Button-functions) +* [Radio operation](./Radio-operation) +* [Troubleshooting](./Troubleshooting) diff --git a/Troubleshooting.md b/Troubleshooting.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bd99095 --- /dev/null +++ b/Troubleshooting.md @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ +> 🌐 **Translate** +> Automatic translation is available via Google Translate: [Open translated version](https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&u=https://github.com/armel/uv-k1-k5v3-firmware-custom/wiki/Troubleshooting/). + +# Troubleshooting + +This page gathers the most common “something is wrong” situations already covered elsewhere in the wiki, so you can find the right check quickly. + +## I can receive, but I cannot transmit + +Check these points first: + +1. Make sure `Mode` is set to `FM`. +1. Check the selected `F Lock` plan. +1. If the frequency is outside that plan, check whether `TXLock` is set to `OFF`. +1. Look for a small padlock next to the channel or VFO name. + +Important reminders: + +* `AM` and `USB` are for listening only +* `UNLOCK ALL` still has an additional unlock procedure + +See also: [Radio operation](./Radio-operation#about-the-f-lock-and-txlock-menus) and [Advanced features](./Advanced-features#tx-on-all-bands). + +## My custom settings disappeared or changed unexpectedly + +Do not use Quansheng CPS. It overwrites custom settings. + +Use the `CHIRP` driver provided with each firmware release, or another compatible programming tool instead. + +See also: [Getting started](./Getting-started) and [Radio operation](./Radio-operation#basic-operation--configuration). + +## Memory scan does not find anything + +Check these points: + +1. Make sure you are in `channel mode`, not `frequency mode`. +1. Make sure the channel is assigned to a scan list with `ScList` or by long-pressing `5 NOAA`. +1. Make sure the currently active scan list is not empty. +1. If needed, switch to another valid scan list while scanning. + +The firmware supports `24` scan lists plus `ALL`. If the requested list is empty or invalid, the radio jumps to the next valid non-empty list. + +See also: [Scanning](./Scanning#memory-channels-scanning) and [Button functions](./Button-functions#front-keypad). + +## FM broadcast radio keeps stopping + +This is usually expected behavior. + +During broadcast FM reception, the active VFO still has priority. If activity is received on the active VFO, the radio temporarily switches back to VFO reception, then returns to broadcast FM when that reception ends. + +See also: [FM broadcast radio receiver](./FM-broadcast-radio-receiver). + +## The external microphone PTT behaves differently + +This is a known behavior on some hardware revisions. + +Documented differences include: + +* TX may wait until RX is clear before transmitting +* DTMF tones or the 1750 Hz tone may be cut off quickly + +The internal side `PTT` does not show those issues in the documented cases. + +See also: [Button functions](./Button-functions#external-microphone). + +## The radio goes to sleep unexpectedly + +Check these menus: + +* `SetOff`: deep sleep after a period of inactivity +* `BatSav`: active/sleep ratio during normal operation + +If `SetOff` is not `OFF`, the radio can enter sleep mode after inactivity even while scanning, as long as no reception occurs. + +See also: [Radio operation](./Radio-operation#about-the-setoff-menu). + +## Buttons do not do what I expect + +Check these possibilities: + +1. keypad lock may be enabled +1. `SetLck` may also lock the `PTT` +1. RescueOps mode disables most long presses and `F` key combinations +1. some actions differ between `F+` and long press + +See also: [Button functions](./Button-functions) and [Advanced features](./Advanced-features#rescueops). + +## Where to go next + +* [Getting started](./Getting-started) +* [Radio operation](./Radio-operation) +* [Scanning](./Scanning) +* [Advanced features](./Advanced-features) +* [Menu](./Menu) +* [Button functions](./Button-functions)