mirror of
https://github.com/HamCQ/Handbook.git
synced 2026-10-02 04:47:21 +00:00
47 lines
25 KiB
HTML
47 lines
25 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
<html lang="en-US">
|
||
<head>
|
||
<meta charset="utf-8">
|
||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
|
||
<title>QRP操作 | HamCQ手册</title>
|
||
<meta name="generator" content="VuePress 1.9.10">
|
||
<script>var _hmt = _hmt || [];
|
||
(function() {
|
||
var hm = document.createElement("script");
|
||
hm.src = "https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?e3319e60407fb2a26747424971fd4c3f";
|
||
var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
|
||
s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s);
|
||
})();</script>
|
||
<meta name="description" content="业余无线电爱好者手册">
|
||
|
||
<link rel="preload" href="/assets/css/0.styles.f149a1ca.css" as="style"><link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/app.843c361b.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/3.c16916db.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/2.a29419f8.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/89.c9e8a3c8.js" as="script"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/1.23bc10c8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/10.b553ef38.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/100.d34c3401.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/101.a2654f78.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/102.89609675.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/103.5be14407.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/104.3abb739d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/105.46c6b8f7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/106.5620fc8e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/107.25b7fe41.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/108.42c4c77d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/109.60789647.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/11.e071b9fc.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/110.5f771cb8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/111.533a086a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/112.c915e3a3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/12.aa5ce635.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/13.6a12d123.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/14.440193cf.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/15.d69879bf.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/16.7ed60fd6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/17.eae07c32.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/18.100d6c11.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/19.b04fda1b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/20.58c66c28.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/21.5b34c51c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/22.cce4fc64.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/23.1ef097e1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/24.ee0db05d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/25.99595dfd.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/26.50a8135e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/27.4b9f07d2.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/28.c7ddc752.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/29.ced12406.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/30.d101e15a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/31.d4534a3e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/32.64d0f076.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/33.814b5c6e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/34.fdd314e9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/35.af890559.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/36.7fb1dc1b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/37.14d47757.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/38.5a6ac20d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/39.4af3160a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/4.58b153da.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/40.5bf8b072.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/41.52ec46ba.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/42.d821b6fe.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/43.74d91cf6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/44.00217d77.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/45.e63e1d6c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/46.fc84aec8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/47.b73079a1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/48.1346db00.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/49.ae653708.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/5.6f7c01ec.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/50.5cd8e038.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/51.03760485.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/52.cbff62b2.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/53.7ce34f8e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/54.2a6b58e4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/55.03a02d1e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/56.7f1b3abb.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/57.225e272d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/58.2fd151ca.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/59.86a1be6c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/6.cfbefe32.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/60.d5c7a6e9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/61.c7623cd1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/62.d517f687.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/63.b35997a7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/64.63fd43a8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/65.2abad923.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/66.72b1d3b0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/67.301795ec.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/68.87463418.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/69.7434af3e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/70.aeb34e2e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/71.e014d020.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/72.0c57e679.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/73.0ad5bace.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/74.7ec89baa.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/75.2cf657c0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/76.47e72087.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/77.9bc5da2c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/78.faec7e17.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/79.1b7c6df7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/80.bc626fda.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/81.52e8bc72.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/82.99e90843.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/83.f30d8605.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/84.340e31be.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/85.5fbf5e84.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/86.0d0846af.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/87.576b8bb8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/88.dec07e7c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/9.ca3880fa.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/90.c31848b6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/91.c79ceef9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/92.d671a777.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/93.d11874e4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/94.158811e6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/95.488f3ec4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/96.a0809bad.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/97.be04084a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/98.2fed8ecc.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/99.0c95a9bb.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/vendors~docsearch.4600e963.js">
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/0.styles.f149a1ca.css">
|
||
</head>
|
||
<body class="theme-mode-light">
|
||
<div id="app" data-server-rendered="true"><div class="theme-container sidebar-open have-rightmenu"><header class="navbar blur"><div title="目录" class="sidebar-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="icon"><path fill="currentColor" d="M436 124H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12V80c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12zm0 160H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-32c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12zm0 160H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-32c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12z"></path></svg></div> <a href="/" class="home-link router-link-active"><img src="/img/logo/favicon-wmioxuat.png" alt="HamCQ手册" class="logo"> <span class="site-name can-hide">HamCQ手册</span></a> <div class="links"><div class="search-box"><input aria-label="Search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" value=""> <!----></div> <nav class="nav-links can-hide"><div class="nav-item"><a href="/" class="nav-link">首页</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="https://forum.hamcq.cn" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link external">
|
||
访问社区
|
||
<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></div> <a href="https://github.com/HamCQ/Handbook" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="repo-link">
|
||
开源仓库
|
||
<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></nav></div></header> <div class="sidebar-mask"></div> <div class="sidebar-hover-trigger"></div> <aside class="sidebar" style="display:none;"><!----> <nav class="nav-links"><div class="nav-item"><a href="/" class="nav-link">首页</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="https://forum.hamcq.cn" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link external">
|
||
访问社区
|
||
<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></div> <a href="https://github.com/HamCQ/Handbook" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="repo-link">
|
||
开源仓库
|
||
<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></nav> <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>介绍</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>什么是业余无线电</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>走进业余无线电</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>法律法规</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>办事指南</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>概念介绍</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>设备选择</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>开始通联</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>基本知识</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>UV段的各种玩法</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>短波段的各种玩法</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/pages/b99cf5/" class="sidebar-link">常用频率</a></li><li><a href="/pages/e0e10b/" class="sidebar-link">SSB</a></li><li><a href="/pages/590a9d/" class="sidebar-link">CW</a></li><li><a href="/pages/d96424/" class="sidebar-link">FT8</a></li><li><a href="/pages/3629bc/" aria-current="page" class="active sidebar-link">QRP操作</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/3629bc/#什么是qrp操作" class="sidebar-link">什么是QRP操作?</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/3629bc/#弱信号模式" class="sidebar-link">弱信号模式</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/3629bc/#组织" class="sidebar-link">组织</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/3629bc/#比赛和奖项" class="sidebar-link">比赛和奖项</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/pages/ee3556/" class="sidebar-link">VarAC</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>其他类型无线电</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>辅助工具</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>活动</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>竞赛</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>奖状</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>团体与组织</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>书籍推荐</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>百宝箱</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul> </aside> <div><main class="page"><div class="theme-vdoing-wrapper "><div class="articleInfo-wrap" data-v-06225672><div class="articleInfo" data-v-06225672><ul class="breadcrumbs" data-v-06225672><li data-v-06225672><a href="/" title="首页" class="iconfont icon-home router-link-active" data-v-06225672></a></li> <li data-v-06225672><a href="/categories/?category=HamCQ%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C" title="分类" data-v-06225672>HamCQ手册</a></li><li data-v-06225672><a href="/categories/?category=%E8%B5%B0%E8%BF%9B%E4%B8%9A%E4%BD%99%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5" title="分类" data-v-06225672>走进业余无线电</a></li><li data-v-06225672><a href="/categories/?category=%E5%BC%80%E5%A7%8B%E9%80%9A%E8%81%94" title="分类" data-v-06225672>开始通联</a></li><li data-v-06225672><a href="/categories/?category=%E7%9F%AD%E6%B3%A2%E6%AE%B5%E7%9A%84%E5%90%84%E7%A7%8D%E7%8E%A9%E6%B3%95" title="分类" data-v-06225672>短波段的各种玩法</a></li></ul> <div class="info" data-v-06225672><!----> <div title="创建时间" class="date iconfont icon-riqi" data-v-06225672><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06225672>2023-10-20</a></div> <!----></div></div></div> <!----> <div class="content-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-margin"><div class="right-menu-title">目录</div> <div class="right-menu-content"></div></div></div> <h1><!---->QRP操作<!----></h1> <!----> <div class="theme-vdoing-content content__default"><blockquote><p>本文编辑:@BG8LGP @BINIZ</p></blockquote> <h1 id="qrp操作"><a href="#qrp操作" class="header-anchor">#</a> QRP操作</h1> <h2 id="什么是qrp操作"><a href="#什么是qrp操作" class="header-anchor">#</a> <strong>什么是QRP操作?</strong></h2> <p>QRP操作全称为:业余无线电低功率操作</p> <p>在业余无线电中,QRP 操作是指以较低的功率发射,同时试图最大限度地提高自己的通联范围。QRP 操作是业余爱好中的一种专业操作,最早在20世纪20年代初流行起来。QRP操作者通常将其发射的射频输出功率限制在5瓦或以下,无论其模式是CW模式还是SSB模式。</p> <p>一个自制的 QRP 低功率发射器和接收器,安装在Altoids薄荷糖 罐内。
|
||
由于无线电传播的变化和接收相对较弱的传输信号的难度,在如此低的功率水平下进行可靠的双向通信具有挑战性。 QRP 爱好者可以使用优化的天线系统、增强的操作技能和各种特殊模式,以最大限度地提高他们的无线电操作水平。自 1960 年代后期以来,专为 QRP 操作而设计的商用收发器已经从真空管发展到固态技术。</p> <p>存在许多致力于 QRP 操作的组织,爱好者参加各种竞赛,旨在测试他们在低功率水平下进行长距离联系的技能。</p> <p>术语“QRP”源自无线电通信中使用的标准Q简语,其中QRP用于请求“降低功率”和QRP?用于问“我应该降低功率吗?</p> <p>虽然市面上大多数业余电台的输出功率都大约在 100 瓦左右,但在世界某些地区,例如美国,业余爱好者最高可使用的功率可达 1500 瓦。 QRP 爱好者认为这种做法并没有必要,这样会浪费电力,增加对附近电视、收音机和电话造成干扰的可能性,而且对于美国的业余爱好者来说,这违反了 FCC 的97条规定,其中要求必须使用“进行所需通信所需的最小功率”。QRP 还可用于灾难恢复期间的应急通信,此时对节俭电池电量使用和发电机燃料至关重要。</p> <p>VOACAP对距离传播的模拟,比较 1 瓦(上)和 99 瓦的有效辐射(下)。
|
||
早在 1924 年,以较低功率发射的做法就得到了普及,美国业余无线电杂志和期刊上发表了各种报告、社论和文章,鼓励业余爱好者降低功率输出,既是为了实验,也是为了通过减少干扰改善操作条件。</p> <p>关于 QRP 操作的发射功率大小,目前还没有完全一致的意见。大多数业余无线电组织都同意,对于CW 、 AM 、 FM和数据模式,发射机输出功率应为 5 瓦(或更低)。SSB (单边带)的最大输出功率并不总是一致的。有人认为不应超过10 瓦,有一部分人强烈认为功率限制应为 5 瓦特。众所周知,QRP爱好者们经常使用少于 5 瓦特进行通联,有时运行时低至 100 毫瓦甚至更少。以极低功率通信 — 1 瓦特及以下 - 通常被爱好者称为“QRPP”。</p> <p>使用 QRP 进行通信可能会很困难,因为 QRP 爱好者们必须面对使用比自己更高功率的业余爱好者所面临的相同无线电传播挑战,但在所有其他条件相同的情况下,接收端有着信号较弱的固有缺点。 QRP 爱好者试图通过更高效的天线系统和加强自身操作技能操作技能来弥补这一点。</p> <h2 id="弱信号模式"><a href="#弱信号模式" class="header-anchor">#</a> <strong>弱信号模式</strong></h2> <p>QRP 爱好者可能会使用特殊模式,这些模式采用旨在增强接收由低功率水平导致的相对较弱的发射信号的技术和软件。</p> <p>QRSS :速度非常慢的摩尔斯电码</p> <p>QRSS 使用非常慢速的CW (莫尔斯电码)来补偿 QRP 操作中降低的信噪比。QRSS 爱好者可能会记录传输以供以后分析,有时在以更快的速度播放时“通过耳朵”解码,或者在频谱分析仪的瀑布显示上“通过眼睛”解码。</p> <p><strong>Coherent CW :关键定时莫尔斯电码传输</strong></p> <p>Coherent CW 使用将时钟输出信号校准到精确速率的发射器,允许接收器采用极窄带滤波来提高可读性。</p> <p><strong>WSJT: (Weak Signal – Joe Taylor)</strong></p> <p>WSJT 是一个用于业余无线电的软件,它利用多种不同的模式,每种模式都针对不同的信号路径进行了优化;这些包括流星散射、对流散射和EME 通信。 WSJT 以JH Taylor (呼号K1JT) 博士的名字命名,以表彰他在开发无线电弱信号通信模式方面所做的工作。</p> <p><strong>WSPR :弱信号——传播检测</strong></p> <p>WSPR 是一个软件套件和计算机网络,用于监控传播路径以获得最佳通信条件。
|
||
设备</p> <p>针对 QRP CW 操作优化的收发器示例: Elecraft K2
|
||
许多更大、更强大的商用收发器允许运营商将其输出水平降低到 QRP 水平。自 1960 年代后期以来,专门设计用于在 QRP 功率水平或接近 QRP 功率水平下运行的商用收发器已经上市。</p> <p>1969 年,美国制造商 Ten-Tec 生产了 Powermite-1,这是 Ten-Tec 的第一批组装收发器之一,采用模块化结构。收发器的所有阶段都在单独的电路板上:发射器的射频功率约为 1 瓦或 2 瓦,接收器是直接转换单元,类似于Heathkit HW-7 和 HW-8 系列中的单元,这将许多业余爱好者引入了 QRP 操作并导致该模式的流行。</p> <p>无线电爱好者以业余无线电操作员在HF波段操作 QRP 手发机,通常将收音机放在背包中,带有鞭状天线。一些 QRP 爱好者更喜欢从套件、开源项目、或从头开始自制设备来构建他们的设备。许多流行的设计都是基于NE612混音器 IC,即 K1、K2、ATS 系列和 Softrock SDR。</p> <h2 id="组织"><a href="#组织" class="header-anchor">#</a> <strong>组织</strong></h2> <p>致力于 QRP 的业余无线电组织包括国际 QRP 业余无线电俱乐部 (QRPARCI)、美国 QRP 俱乐部、总部位于英国的 G-QRP 俱乐部和强调便携 QRP 操作的冒险无线电协会。主要的 QRP 聚会每年都会在代顿火腿节 、 Pacificon 和腓特烈港等 hamfest 举行。</p> <h2 id="比赛和奖项"><a href="#比赛和奖项" class="header-anchor">#</a> <strong>比赛和奖项</strong></h2> <p>QRP 操作有专门的运营奖项、比赛、俱乐部和会议。 在美国,十一月的比赛、六月和九月的VHF QSO比赛、一月的 VhF 比赛、ARRL 国际DX比赛,以及许多主要的国际比赛都指定了特殊的 QRP 类别。 例如,在一年一度的 ARRL 野外日活动中,使用“QRP功率”进行QSO (ham-to-ham通联) 的分数是通过常规方式进行通联的五倍。 QRP ARCI俱乐部在一年中为QRP操作员提供12场比赛。</p> <p>比较典型的奖项包括 QRP ARCI 俱乐部的“每瓦千英里”奖,任何提供符合条件的通联证明的人均可获得。 QRP ARCI 还为在 QRP 条件下获得 ARRL 的Worked All States 、 Worked All Continents和DX Century Club 奖项提供特别奖励。其他 QRP 俱乐部也提供类似版本的这些奖项,以及一般的 QRP 运营成就奖。</p></div></div> <!----> <div class="page-edit"><!----> <!----> <!----></div> <div class="page-nav-wapper"><!----> <!----></div></div> <!----></main></div> <div class="footer"><div class="icons"><a href="mailto:contact@hamcq.cn" title="联系我们" target="_blank" class="iconfont icon-youjian"></a><a href="https://github.com/HamCQ/Handbook" title="Github" target="_blank" class="iconfont icon-github"></a><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/column/c_1327659699995885568" title="知乎" target="_blank" class="iconfont icon-zhihu"></a><a href="https://forum.hamcq.cn/d/826" title="微信公众号" target="_blank" class="iconfont icon-weixin"></a></div>
|
||
Theme by
|
||
<a href="https://github.com/xugaoyi/vuepress-theme-vdoing" target="_blank" title="本站主题">Vdoing</a> <!----></div> <div class="buttons"><div title="返回顶部" class="button blur go-to-top iconfont icon-fanhuidingbu" style="display:none;"></div> <div title="去评论" class="button blur go-to-comment iconfont icon-pinglun" style="display:none;"></div> <div title="主题模式" class="button blur theme-mode-but iconfont icon-zhuti"><ul class="select-box" style="display:none;"><li class="iconfont icon-zidong">
|
||
跟随系统
|
||
</li><li class="iconfont icon-rijianmoshi">
|
||
浅色模式
|
||
</li><li class="iconfont icon-yejianmoshi">
|
||
深色模式
|
||
</li><li class="iconfont icon-yuedu">
|
||
阅读模式
|
||
</li></ul></div></div> <!----> <!----> <!----></div><div class="global-ui"><!----></div></div>
|
||
<script src="/assets/js/app.843c361b.js" defer></script><script src="/assets/js/3.c16916db.js" defer></script><script src="/assets/js/2.a29419f8.js" defer></script><script src="/assets/js/89.c9e8a3c8.js" defer></script>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|