mirror of
https://github.com/HamCQ/Handbook.git
synced 2026-10-02 04:47:21 +00:00
43 lines
31 KiB
HTML
43 lines
31 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
<html lang="en-US">
|
||
<head>
|
||
<meta charset="utf-8">
|
||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
|
||
<title>卫星通联入门 | HamCQ手册</title>
|
||
<meta name="generator" content="VuePress 1.9.10">
|
||
<script>var _hmt = _hmt || [];
|
||
(function() {
|
||
var hm = document.createElement("script");
|
||
hm.src = "https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?e3319e60407fb2a26747424971fd4c3f";
|
||
var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
|
||
s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s);
|
||
})();</script>
|
||
<meta name="description" content="业余无线电爱好者手册">
|
||
|
||
<link rel="preload" href="/assets/css/0.styles.f149a1ca.css" as="style"><link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/app.5ffcd7ec.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/3.c16916db.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/2.a29419f8.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/91.8b7f0310.js" as="script"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/1.23bc10c8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/10.b553ef38.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/100.7da8c15f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/101.7068cdbd.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/102.22f234ab.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/103.72b49399.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/104.4da078aa.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/105.b85c94e8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/106.57faba28.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/107.fd8d4664.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/108.0bbbc819.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/109.609579a7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/11.e071b9fc.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/110.6bc21347.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/111.222fd1e8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/112.1a7b7b33.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/113.a9a25ec3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/114.9af9a73f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/115.ccffb0d4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/116.1308d994.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/117.08edd826.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/118.17997e86.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/119.a4e56c50.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/12.aa5ce635.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/120.9d96c5fb.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/121.ee11e03d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/122.c37dee1f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/123.d6499ad5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/124.feb82519.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/125.c60bccee.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/126.a4465f67.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/127.36bca1ac.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/128.527ff2c7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/129.f2106587.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/13.6a12d123.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/130.5992951c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/14.440193cf.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/15.d69879bf.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/16.7ed60fd6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/17.eae07c32.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/18.100d6c11.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/19.b04fda1b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/20.58c66c28.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/21.5b34c51c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/22.cce4fc64.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/23.1ef097e1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/24.ee0db05d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/25.99595dfd.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/26.50a8135e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/27.4b9f07d2.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/28.c7ddc752.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/29.ced12406.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/30.d101e15a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/31.d4534a3e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/32.64d0f076.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/33.814b5c6e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/34.fdd314e9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/35.af890559.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/36.7fb1dc1b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/37.cc864c26.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/38.72d520c7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/39.3a7d03f1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/4.58b153da.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/40.68058dbc.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/41.fd1151f7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/42.68c59660.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/43.c19c0c96.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/44.ab534aec.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/45.5de4e15f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/46.203c79b8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/47.82b8352d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/48.4c27dfd8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/49.f2ac8ff0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/5.6f7c01ec.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/50.cf197571.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/51.19939cbf.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/52.a9b52000.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/53.fcaa71c4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/54.9ee81649.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/55.c96fd33d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/56.efdf0514.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/57.e4cd89dc.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/58.cc3620e7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/59.de5b498a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/6.cfbefe32.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/60.7fe35f48.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/61.39ace95f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/62.7c7da068.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/63.336bfe5f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/64.0fc0a84e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/65.51a77367.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/66.917d6598.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/67.14e81301.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/68.59c69a3f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/69.83267bee.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/70.67de1b08.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/71.80d1c221.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/72.29ecc1cc.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/73.b06831aa.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/74.b62538da.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/75.69f68612.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/76.173a485a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/77.5d068361.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/78.2abfed4e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/79.33ee6c29.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/80.a97924d7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/81.c785215e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/82.c3624812.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/83.699a0846.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/84.8f6a8a9a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/85.57a13c51.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/86.5c28a5ec.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/87.163d0d8b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/88.8c71591a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/89.2f5aadca.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/9.ca3880fa.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/90.7efd7843.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/92.20d9a243.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/93.e0604e4a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/94.9fc834fa.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/95.f01cf022.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/96.5865f987.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/97.3ce7c683.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/98.f4988306.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/99.6caea61c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/vendors~docsearch.4600e963.js">
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/0.styles.f149a1ca.css">
|
||
</head>
|
||
<body class="theme-mode-light">
|
||
<div id="app" data-server-rendered="true"><div class="theme-container sidebar-open have-rightmenu"><header class="navbar blur"><div title="目录" class="sidebar-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="icon"><path fill="currentColor" d="M436 124H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12V80c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12zm0 160H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-32c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12zm0 160H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-32c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12z"></path></svg></div> <a href="/" class="home-link router-link-active"><img src="/img/logo/favicon-wmioxuat.png" alt="HamCQ手册" class="logo"> <span class="site-name can-hide">HamCQ手册</span></a> <div class="links"><div class="search-box"><input aria-label="Search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" value=""> <!----></div> <nav class="nav-links can-hide"><div class="nav-item"><a href="/" class="nav-link">首页</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="https://forum.hamcq.cn" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link external">
|
||
访问社区
|
||
<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></div> <a href="https://github.com/HamCQ/Handbook" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="repo-link">
|
||
开源仓库
|
||
<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></nav></div></header> <div class="sidebar-mask"></div> <div class="sidebar-hover-trigger"></div> <aside class="sidebar" style="display:none;"><!----> <nav class="nav-links"><div class="nav-item"><a href="/" class="nav-link">首页</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="https://forum.hamcq.cn" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link external">
|
||
访问社区
|
||
<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></div> <a href="https://github.com/HamCQ/Handbook" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="repo-link">
|
||
开源仓库
|
||
<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></nav> <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>介绍</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>什么是业余无线电</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>走进业余无线电</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>法律法规</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>办事指南</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>概念介绍</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>设备选择</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>开始通联</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>基本知识</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>UV段的各种玩法</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/pages/5dba1c/" class="sidebar-link">A证之前可以玩什么</a></li><li><a href="/pages/4063f9/" class="sidebar-link">基本操作</a></li><li><a href="/pages/450c65/" aria-current="page" class="active sidebar-link">卫星通联入门</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/450c65/#业余无线电卫星的类型" class="sidebar-link">业余无线电卫星的类型</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/450c65/#通联准备" class="sidebar-link">通联准备</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/450c65/#发起呼叫" class="sidebar-link">发起呼叫</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/450c65/#日志上传" class="sidebar-link">日志上传</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/450c65/#其他事项" class="sidebar-link">其他事项</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/450c65/#其他资料" class="sidebar-link">其他资料</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/pages/fe2bc6/" class="sidebar-link">刷机(泉盛K5K6限定)</a></li><li><a href="/pages/aeb68f/" class="sidebar-link">DTMF</a></li><li><a href="/pages/41606c/" class="sidebar-link">SSTV</a></li><li><a href="/pages/de2212/" class="sidebar-link">VHF DX</a></li><li><a href="/pages/d4a941/" class="sidebar-link">数字机</a></li><li><a href="/pages/2c33d0/" class="sidebar-link">简易中继</a></li><li><a href="/pages/0fd400/" class="sidebar-link">简易链路</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>短波段的各种玩法</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>其他类型无线电</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>辅助工具</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>活动</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>竞赛</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>奖状</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>团体与组织</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>书籍推荐</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>百宝箱</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul> </aside> <div><main class="page"><div class="theme-vdoing-wrapper "><div class="articleInfo-wrap" data-v-06225672><div class="articleInfo" data-v-06225672><ul class="breadcrumbs" data-v-06225672><li data-v-06225672><a href="/" title="首页" class="iconfont icon-home router-link-active" data-v-06225672></a></li> <li data-v-06225672><a href="/categories/?category=HamCQ%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C" title="分类" data-v-06225672>HamCQ手册</a></li><li data-v-06225672><a href="/categories/?category=%E8%B5%B0%E8%BF%9B%E4%B8%9A%E4%BD%99%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5" title="分类" data-v-06225672>走进业余无线电</a></li><li data-v-06225672><a href="/categories/?category=%E5%BC%80%E5%A7%8B%E9%80%9A%E8%81%94" title="分类" data-v-06225672>开始通联</a></li><li data-v-06225672><a href="/categories/?category=UV%E6%AE%B5%E7%9A%84%E5%90%84%E7%A7%8D%E7%8E%A9%E6%B3%95" title="分类" data-v-06225672>UV段的各种玩法</a></li></ul> <div class="info" data-v-06225672><!----> <div title="创建时间" class="date iconfont icon-riqi" data-v-06225672><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06225672>2023-10-20</a></div> <!----></div></div></div> <!----> <div class="content-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-margin"><div class="right-menu-title">目录</div> <div class="right-menu-content"></div></div></div> <h1><!---->卫星通联入门<!----></h1> <!----> <div class="theme-vdoing-content content__default"><blockquote><p>本文编辑:@BH2VSQ @BI1NDH @BG4IJK</p></blockquote> <h2 id="业余无线电卫星的类型"><a href="#业余无线电卫星的类型" class="header-anchor">#</a> 业余无线电卫星的类型</h2> <h3 id="fm转发器"><a href="#fm转发器" class="header-anchor">#</a> FM 转发器</h3> <p>例如:ISS 转发器,SO-50,PO-101,CAS-3H,AO-91,AO-92,TEVEL1-8,CAS-5A</p> <p>FM 转发器常作为新手入门的第一选择~~(大概也没有第二选择了)~~,使用手台即可激活转发器进行通联,只需要在手台内写入转发器的参数,在卫星过境时就可以像打开本地中继一样与卫星覆盖区域内的电台通联。</p> <h3 id="线性转发器"><a href="#线性转发器" class="header-anchor">#</a> 线性转发器</h3> <p>例如:RS-44,FO-29,CAS-4A,CAS-4B,XW-2A,B,C,D,F,XW-3/HO-113,CAS-5A,AO-73,FO-99,AO-7,FOX-1E/AO-109</p> <p>线性转发器一般来说上行为 LSB 模式,下行为 USB 模式,需要使用 UV 段的全模式电台才能够进行通联,所以一般来说门槛较高。</p> <h3 id="数字转发器-aprs"><a href="#数字转发器-aprs" class="header-anchor">#</a> 数字转发器(APRS)</h3> <p>和 FM 转发器类似,通常使用 APRS 编码,如果成功打开中继的话,中继端会将你发送上去的 APRS 包下传,类似于 FM 中继的回波,国际空间站的 APRS 中继依旧在持续工作,其他的卫星比如 NO-104 (PSAT-2),MAYA-3,MAYA-4 基本上都已经停止工作。</p> <h3 id="数字转发器-ssb模式"><a href="#数字转发器-ssb模式" class="header-anchor">#</a> 数字转发器(SSB 模式)</h3> <p>比如 GreenCube,通过单边带模式发射数字编码进行通联,除了模式不同以外,基本上跟别的转发器没什么区别。</p> <h2 id="通联准备"><a href="#通联准备" class="header-anchor">#</a> 通联准备</h2> <p>由于卫星在你的上方过境时才能进行通联,而且过境时间往往只有十分钟至二十分钟,仰角过低的话过境时间还会大幅缩减,所以你需要提前做好准备。</p> <h3 id="天线"><a href="#天线" class="header-anchor">#</a> 天线</h3> <p>由于卫星功率一般较小,一般使用指向性更好的八木天线指向卫星进行通联。如果查询该卫星参数是跨段中继(例如上下行一个 U 段,一个 V 段),你还需要准备一个跨段的八木天线。</p> <p>理论上来说,通过手台的原机天线就可以进行卫星的通联,但是卫星的下行功率一般来说只有几百毫瓦,手台天线的增益和灵敏度有时候会无法正常收到卫星的下行信号(但是 ISS 的转发器 5W 下行信号很强,天线辐射方向不对准也能收到)。</p> <p>如果使用手台原机的棒杆天线,需要将天线的辐射方向指向卫星,即将天线的侧边对向卫星。</p> <h3 id="多普勒频偏"><a href="#多普勒频偏" class="header-anchor">#</a> 多普勒频偏</h3> <p>一般来说根据多普勒效应,卫星的实际上行和下行频率跟实际设定的频率会有一定偏差,需要按照多普勒效应计算频率的偏移量并做一定的修正。如果不动,其实也没有问题,但是上升和下降的时候会错过很长的一段通联时间。</p> <p>建议提前设置好电台的频道,分为五段保存到电台里面,需要时能够快速切换。也可以使用带有多普勒固件的对讲机,例如刷了 OpenGD77 的对讲机,或刷了多普勒固件的 K6。</p> <h3 id="练习抄收"><a href="#练习抄收" class="header-anchor">#</a> 练习抄收</h3> <p>由于业余卫星通联节奏较快,通常 10s 一个 QSO,所以要加强听抄呼号能力,不然可能会成为聋子和哑巴。</p> <h3 id="查询过境时间"><a href="#查询过境时间" class="header-anchor">#</a> 查询过境时间</h3> <p>要提前准备卫星过境时间的查询软件,并掌握这些软件的使用方法。</p> <ul><li>安卓手机(推荐):安卓手机可以使用 Look4SAT,ISS Detector,追星 4.2,Heavensabove 进行卫星方位的对准,要注意除了 Heavensabove,其他三个软件都是手机平行于八木主梁,Heavensabove 要求手机垂直于八木主梁,也就是像是要拍卫星一样,手机背面正对卫星。</li> <li>苹果手机:可以使用 SatSat 等软件进行卫星方位的对准。但该 APP 不包含卫星频率,需另找渠道查询。</li> <li>电脑:可以使用 Orbitron 以及 Gpredict(开源)进行卫星的选择跟踪。</li></ul> <h3 id="旋转器"><a href="#旋转器" class="header-anchor">#</a> 旋转器</h3> <p>如果不喜欢手持,想方便一点的话可以选择云台八木方案 (东北这个冷的要死的冬天谁会想出门手持八木啊喂!),最便宜的方案是 301 云台搭配 301 解码器,采用 Orbitron 连接软件控制云台的俯仰,如果能控制电台的话还可以试着直接多普勒控制,更好一点可以直接用亚安云台,一步到位的话可以直接搞一个 G-5500 旋转器 (一套下来也就 5~6k)。</p> <h2 id="发起呼叫"><a href="#发起呼叫" class="header-anchor">#</a> 发起呼叫</h2> <p>卫星过境时间很短,所以说通联时应该尽量缩短呼叫,不要像是呼叫本地中继一样进行呼叫,这样不仅会占用别人时间,影响他人通联,也会降低建立 QSO 的效率。</p> <p>稍微总结下我平时的呼叫习惯:(当然自己喊着习惯就好,没必要非得一样)</p> <ul><li>CQ:CQ satellite + 自己呼号的字母解释法</li> <li>回复他人:对方呼号字母解释法 + 自己呼号字母解释法 You are Five Nine QSL?</li> <li>回复他人的回复:对方呼号字母解释法 + 自己呼号字母解释法 You are also Five Nine, Thank you Seventy-three!</li> <li>他人回复后结束通联:QSL!Thank you Seventy-three!</li></ul> <p>报呼号时要直接使用字母解释法,提高效率,而且通联过程要提高语速,尽量讲英语。</p> <h2 id="日志上传"><a href="#日志上传" class="header-anchor">#</a> 日志上传</h2> <p>完成通联后,应尽快上传日志,确认通联。</p> <p>由于卫星通联时间短、节奏紧凑,可以在通联时录音和速记,事后慢慢整理。</p> <h3 id="lotw"><a href="#lotw" class="header-anchor">#</a> Lotw</h3> <p>一般来说,Lotw 比较常用,Lotw 有一个 VUCC award,你每通到一个新的网格,他就会给你记上一分,VUCC 100 可以申请奖状~~(好像还有贴纸之类的,而且不限于 100,就是申请得花钱罢了)~~</p> <p>P.S.Lotw 的日志确认机制允许日志时间误差在 30 分钟之内,如果日志上传错误是无法删除的,再写个正确的日志上传吧 (好像是说 Lotw 要支持清理错误日志还是什么来着,反正到今天为止这个功能还没上线_(:з」∠)_)</p> <h3 id="eqsl确认"><a href="#eqsl确认" class="header-anchor">#</a> eqsl 确认</h3> <p>在 eqsl.cc 可以注册账号,剩下的就是上传日志的 adi 文件,在 eqsl 的 Inbox 可以进行 QSL 卡的确认和驳回,如果有和日志符合的 QSL 卡会自动确认,基本上就是电子版的交换 QSL 卡,但是如果你想有一个自定义,更好看的 QSL 卡面的话…… 得加钱</p> <h3 id="纸质qsl卡"><a href="#纸质qsl卡" class="header-anchor">#</a> 纸质 QSL 卡</h3> <p>啊这个就比较中规中矩了,卡发过去然后回卡发回来,就跟正常其他通联交换纸质 QSL 卡是一样的~~(还是纸卡有感觉)~~</p> <h2 id="其他事项"><a href="#其他事项" class="header-anchor">#</a> 其他事项</h2> <h3 id="网格"><a href="#网格" class="header-anchor">#</a> 网格</h3> <p>网格指的就是梅登黑格网格,一般来说卫星网格跟 FT8 一样,只交换网格的前四位,每一个新网格在 Lotw 上确认,你的 VUCC 分值就会加 1</p> <h3 id="发射功率"><a href="#发射功率" class="header-anchor">#</a> 发射功率</h3> <p>理论上来说只要对的够准,参数是对的,5w 足够打开转发机,但是有的时候会有一些出人预料的事情(比如有人在转发器上面放歌,转发器静噪开太高了 —— 没错,ISS,说你呢!<em>(:з」∠)</em>),或者你一直被人压着上不去,根本没人听得到你,可以试试 25w,绝对效果好,但是不推荐。</p> <h3 id="卫星状态"><a href="#卫星状态" class="header-anchor">#</a> 卫星状态</h3> <p>有些卫星,比如说 PO-101,也就是 Diwata-2B,属于计划开机,又或者像是 AO-92 这种上去之后寄了,转发器坏了,又或者像是 AO-91 这种电池寄了然后转发器半死不活的,可以去 Amsat 的网站 www.amsat-org/status,网站上面有世界各地的无线电爱好者上传的信号报告,你可以在上面查询你所要使用的卫星是否开机,转发器是否工作。</p> <h2 id="其他资料"><a href="#其他资料" class="header-anchor">#</a> 其他资料</h2> <ul><li>常用频率:<a href="https://forum.hamcq.cn/d/351" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://forum.hamcq.cn/d/351<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a> 作者 BH8PHG</li> <li><a href="https://forum.hamcq.cn/d/3205" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">FM 卫星通联教程<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>,作者 BG9JMR</li> <li><a href="https://forum.hamcq.cn/d/4683" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">如何在战火纷飞的 FM 业余卫星上躲过被高功率压制的惨剧<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>,作者 BG2GFC</li></ul></div></div> <!----> <div class="page-edit"><!----> <!----> <!----></div> <div class="page-nav-wapper"><!----> <!----></div></div> <!----></main></div> <div class="footer"><div class="icons"><a href="mailto:contact@hamcq.cn" title="联系我们" target="_blank" class="iconfont icon-youjian"></a><a href="https://github.com/HamCQ/Handbook" title="Github" target="_blank" class="iconfont icon-github"></a><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/column/c_1327659699995885568" title="知乎" target="_blank" class="iconfont icon-zhihu"></a><a href="https://forum.hamcq.cn/d/826" title="微信公众号" target="_blank" class="iconfont icon-weixin"></a></div>
|
||
Theme by
|
||
<a href="https://github.com/xugaoyi/vuepress-theme-vdoing" target="_blank" title="本站主题">Vdoing</a> <!----></div> <div class="buttons"><div title="返回顶部" class="button blur go-to-top iconfont icon-fanhuidingbu" style="display:none;"></div> <div title="去评论" class="button blur go-to-comment iconfont icon-pinglun" style="display:none;"></div> <div title="主题模式" class="button blur theme-mode-but iconfont icon-zhuti"><ul class="select-box" style="display:none;"><li class="iconfont icon-zidong">
|
||
跟随系统
|
||
</li><li class="iconfont icon-rijianmoshi">
|
||
浅色模式
|
||
</li><li class="iconfont icon-yejianmoshi">
|
||
深色模式
|
||
</li><li class="iconfont icon-yuedu">
|
||
阅读模式
|
||
</li></ul></div></div> <!----> <!----> <!----></div><div class="global-ui"><!----></div></div>
|
||
<script src="/assets/js/app.5ffcd7ec.js" defer></script><script src="/assets/js/3.c16916db.js" defer></script><script src="/assets/js/2.a29419f8.js" defer></script><script src="/assets/js/91.8b7f0310.js" defer></script>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|