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<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></nav> <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>介绍</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>走进业余无线电</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>法律法规</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>办事指南</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>基础知识</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>搭建你的电台站</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>开始通联</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>基本知识</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>UV段的各种玩法</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>短波段的各种玩法</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>数字模式</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-2"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>其他玩法</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-3"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>互联网语音</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/pages/52354c/" class="sidebar-link">导言</a></li><li><a href="/pages/0fd400/" class="sidebar-link">模拟聊天室网关(链路)</a></li><li><a href="/pages/d3a82e6/" class="sidebar-link">数字语音网关基本设置</a></li><li><a href="/pages/511152/" class="sidebar-link">数字语音网络通联</a></li><li><a href="/pages/7782707/" class="sidebar-link">数字语音网关高级设置</a></li><li><a href="/pages/61d22a/" class="sidebar-link">其他资料</a></li></ul></section></li><li><a href="/pages/0de773/" class="sidebar-link">SDR</a></li><li><a href="/pages/fe2bc6/" aria-current="page" class="active sidebar-link">改装与自制</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/fe2bc6/#常见项目" class="sidebar-link">常见项目</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/fe2bc6/#uv-k5-k6" class="sidebar-link">UV-K5/K6</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/fe2bc6/#opengd77" class="sidebar-link">OpenGD77</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/fe2bc6/#扩频" class="sidebar-link">扩频</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/fe2bc6/#接收机引出" class="sidebar-link">接收机引出</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/fe2bc6/#机头分离" class="sidebar-link">机头分离</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/fe2bc6/#电台" class="sidebar-link">电台</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/fe2bc6/#天线调谐器" class="sidebar-link">天线调谐器</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/fe2bc6/#功率放大器" class="sidebar-link">功率放大器</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/fe2bc6/#调制解调器" class="sidebar-link">调制解调器</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/fe2bc6/#测试仪器" class="sidebar-link">测试仪器</a></li></ul></li></ul></section></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable is-sub-group depth-1"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>活动与竞赛</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>百宝箱</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul> </aside> <div><main class="page"><div class="theme-vdoing-wrapper "><div class="articleInfo-wrap" data-v-06225672><div class="articleInfo" data-v-06225672><ul class="breadcrumbs" data-v-06225672><li data-v-06225672><a href="/" title="首页" class="iconfont icon-home router-link-active" data-v-06225672></a></li> <li data-v-06225672><a href="/categories/?category=HamCQ%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C" title="分类" data-v-06225672>HamCQ手册</a></li><li data-v-06225672><a href="/categories/?category=%E8%B5%B0%E8%BF%9B%E4%B8%9A%E4%BD%99%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5" title="分类" data-v-06225672>走进业余无线电</a></li><li data-v-06225672><a href="/categories/?category=%E5%BC%80%E5%A7%8B%E9%80%9A%E8%81%94" title="分类" data-v-06225672>开始通联</a></li><li data-v-06225672><a href="/categories/?category=%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E7%8E%A9%E6%B3%95" title="分类" data-v-06225672>其他玩法</a></li></ul> <div class="info" data-v-06225672><!----> <div title="创建时间" class="date iconfont icon-riqi" data-v-06225672><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06225672>2024-07-22</a></div> <!----></div></div></div> <!----> <div class="content-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-margin"><div class="right-menu-title">目录</div> <div class="right-menu-content"></div></div></div> <h1><!---->改装与自制<!----></h1> <!----> <div class="theme-vdoing-content content__default"><blockquote><p>本文编辑:@BloodBlade,@BG4IJK</p></blockquote> <p>改装与自制是业余无线电的传统艺能,也是与其他无线电业务最大的不同之处。其他无线电业务大多仅允许使用具有国家核准的设备,且不允许改动。
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但业余无线电不但允许改装你使用的设备,还允许你使用电子元件从头搭建一个出来,只要你最后的作品能够通过有关部门的检测即可。</p> <h1 id="改装"><a href="#改装" class="header-anchor">#</a> 改装</h1> <p>对于早期业余无线电来说,想要让设备增加出厂时不具有的功能,必须进行硬件改造。不过现在,许多设备只需要修改固件即可。
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一些老 HAM 会将其称之为摩机、模组(Modify,MOD),也可以叫骇入(Hacking)。</p> <p>按照规定,进行改装的设备在<strong>改装前</strong>必须为具有业余核准的设备,在改装后也必须<strong>重新进行验机</strong>,通过之后才能合法使用。</p> <h2 id="常见项目"><a href="#常见项目" class="header-anchor">#</a> 常见项目</h2> <h2 id="uv-k5-k6"><a href="#uv-k5-k6" class="header-anchor">#</a> UV-K5/K6</h2> <h3 id="固件"><a href="#固件" class="header-anchor">#</a> 固件</h3> <h3 id="硬件"><a href="#硬件" class="header-anchor">#</a> 硬件</h3> <h2 id="opengd77"><a href="#opengd77" class="header-anchor">#</a> OpenGD77</h2> <h2 id="扩频"><a href="#扩频" class="header-anchor">#</a> 扩频</h2> <h2 id="接收机引出"><a href="#接收机引出" class="header-anchor">#</a> 接收机引出</h2> <h3 id="低通引出"><a href="#低通引出" class="header-anchor">#</a> 低通引出</h3> <h3 id="中频引出"><a href="#中频引出" class="header-anchor">#</a> 中频引出</h3> <h2 id="机头分离"><a href="#机头分离" class="header-anchor">#</a> 机头分离</h2> <h1 id="自制"><a href="#自制" class="header-anchor">#</a> 自制</h1> <h2 id="电台"><a href="#电台" class="header-anchor">#</a> 电台</h2> <h3 id="常见项目-2"><a href="#常见项目-2" class="header-anchor">#</a> 常见项目</h3> <p>在射频上,随着频率增高,技术难度也会飞速的增加。因此,业余无线电相关的自制电台项目通常工作在较低波段上。</p> <h4 id="热点"><a href="#热点" class="header-anchor">#</a> 热点</h4> <p>热点是一种具有网络连接功能的低功率电台,通常用于其他电台的信号传输至互联网,以及将互联网传来的信号发送至附近电台。
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自制电台很少有工作在 VHF 和 UHF 频段的,但热点直接使用了市面销售的集成收发芯片,规避了高频率带来的设计难度。</p> <p>严格来说热点也必须要通过验机之后才能使用,但是市面上的方案大都没有滤波器,射频芯片直接输入天线,如果拿去验机,极大概率是无法通过的。
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虽然由于其功率低微,大多数时候都处于民不举官不究的状态。但还是有<a href="https://forum.hamcq.cn/d/2553/29" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">被无线电监管部门发现并查处的案例<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>,因此最好低调使用。</p> <p>常见的热点项目多为数字语音信号使用的 MMDVM 热点,有<a href="https://github.com/mathisschmieder/MMDVM_HS_Hat" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> MMDVM HS Hat<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a> 和<a href="https://github.com/phl0/MMDVM_HS_Dual_Hat" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> MMDVM HS Dual Hat<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a> 两种。</p> <h4 id="μsdx"><a href="#μsdx" class="header-anchor">#</a> <a href="https://github.com/threeme3/usdx" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">μSDX<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></h4> <p>由 PE1NNZ 在 QRPLabs 的设备<a href="https://qrp-labs.com/qcx.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> QCX<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a> 上魔改而来,为其提供了 SSB、FM、AM 等功能,使用 E 类功放电路,效率很高。</p> <p>原始项目由于是魔改而来,因此只有原理图和代码。因此市面上的硬件产品都为其他人在其基础上重新布局而来。常见的开源布局方案有 DL2MAN 的三明治方案、以及<a href="https://antrak.org.tr/author/barbarosasuroglu/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> WB2CBA 的几种方案<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>。
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国内的设计大都基于 WB2CBA 的设计修改而来。</p> <p>国内的开源项目有<a href="https://gitee.com/csqwdy/usdx" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">王道银老师设计的版本<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>,制作过程可以参考《<a href="https://forum.hamcq.cn/d/1925" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">分享一下 uSDX QRP 小电台的 diy 心得<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>》,成本约 200。</p> <h4 id="tr-μsdx"><a href="#tr-μsdx" class="header-anchor">#</a> <a href="https://dl2man.de/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">(tr)μSDX<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></h4> <p>由 PE1NNZ 和 DL2MAN 合作的产物,是 μSDX 项目的继承者,但并不完全开源。</p> <p>提供了 Gerber 文件和 BOM 表,因此可以自行制作 PCB 和组装。但固件不开源,每个机器都有自己的序列号,需要搭配呼号一起申请才能获得。
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成本与 μSDX 差不多。</p> <h4 id="box-6"><a href="#box-6" class="header-anchor">#</a> BOX-6</h4> <p>由 BH2UJK 所设计,因其工作在 6 米频段而得名。只能发射 FSK 信号,基本上只能用来玩 FT8。
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可以在闲鱼找到 BH2UJK 购买。</p> <h4 id="adx"><a href="#adx" class="header-anchor">#</a> ADX</h4> <p>由 WB2CBA 设计,也有 BD6CR 荣老师的改进版 ADX-S。可以在 40m、20m、15m 和 10m 波段发射 DSB 信号,因此可以用来玩 FT8。
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可以联系 BD6CR 购买 ADX-S 套件。</p> <h4 id="收发机-狼"><a href="#收发机-狼" class="header-anchor">#</a> <a href="https://ua3reo.ru/tag/transiver-ua3reo/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">收发机 “狼”<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></h4> <p>由 UA3REO 及其团队开发,是一部强大的数字上下变频 SDR 电台,但由于违反开源协议销售的商家过多,因此已经不再开源。</p> <h2 id="天线调谐器"><a href="#天线调谐器" class="header-anchor">#</a> 天线调谐器</h2> <p>常见项目:</p> <ul><li><a href="https://github.com/Dfinitski/N7DDC-ATU-100-mini-and-extended-boards" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ATU-100<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></li></ul> <h2 id="功率放大器"><a href="#功率放大器" class="header-anchor">#</a> 功率放大器</h2> <h2 id="调制解调器"><a href="#调制解调器" class="header-anchor">#</a> 调制解调器</h2> <p>用于调制和解调信号,自身没有收发无线电的能力,而是作为电台的配件, 为电台增加处理数字信号的功能。
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虽然现在大都使用计算机声卡来作为调制解调器,但在需要长期工作,或是需求便携性的场合,专用的硬件调制解调器更为方便。</p> <p>常见项目:</p> <ul><li><a href="https://github.com/g4klx/MMDVM" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">MMDVM<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>:原版 MMDVM 实际上只是一个调制解调器,需要连接至电台来使用。</li> <li><a href="http://www.mobilinkd.com/2019/06/24/nucleotnc/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">NucleoTNC<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>:可自制的 APRS TNC。</li> <li><a href="https://github.com/M17-Project/Module_17" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Module17<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>:数字语音模式 M17 的开源调制解调器。</li></ul> <h1 id="验机标准"><a href="#验机标准" class="header-anchor">#</a> 验机标准</h1> <p>目前的参考标准为:</p> <ul><li><a href="https://std.samr.gov.cn/gb/search/gbDetailed?id=71F772D812DED3A7E05397BE0A0AB82A" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">GB/T 32658-2016 业余无线电设备射频技术要求及测试方法<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></li> <li><a href="https://std.samr.gov.cn/gb/search/gbDetailed?id=71F772D8292ED3A7E05397BE0A0AB82A" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">GB/T 16946-2017 短波单边带通信设备通用规范<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></li></ul> <p>不同的省份对于如何进行检测有着不同的要求,例如广东省的要求就颇为严格,而一些北方省份则没那么严格。</p> <h2 id="测试仪器"><a href="#测试仪器" class="header-anchor">#</a> 测试仪器</h2> <p>由于无线电频率较高,因此和无线电有关的计量仪器价格通常远超一般的电子计量仪器。
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因此,绝大部分进行改装和自制的 HAM 大都会选用自制设备和二手设备,只有预算十分充足的专业玩家才会购买正规设备。</p> <h3 id="频谱分析仪"><a href="#频谱分析仪" class="header-anchor">#</a> 频谱分析仪</h3> <p>频谱分析仪是最常见的设备,可以检测被测设备发射信号的频谱。
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通过频谱仪可以检测出电台发射信号的谐波干扰、散杂情况等。</p> <ul><li><a href="https://github.com/erikkaashoek/tinySA" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">TinySA<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>:一个开源的频谱仪,由 NanoVNA 衍生而来,可用于测试设备散杂等情况。由于并非计量局标定的测量仪器,推荐预算有限的情况下使用。</li> <li>是德科技 FieldFox 手持分析仪</li> <li>罗德与施瓦茨</li></ul></div></div> <!----> <div class="page-edit"><!----> <!----> <!----></div> <div class="page-nav-wapper"><!----> <!----></div></div> <!----></main></div> <div class="footer"><div class="icons"><a href="mailto:contact@hamcq.cn" title="联系我们" target="_blank" class="iconfont icon-youjian"></a><a href="https://github.com/HamCQ/Handbook" title="Github" target="_blank" class="iconfont icon-github"></a><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/column/c_1327659699995885568" title="知乎" target="_blank" class="iconfont icon-zhihu"></a><a href="https://forum.hamcq.cn/d/826" title="微信公众号" target="_blank" class="iconfont icon-weixin"></a></div>
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